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Documents for "Libyan Political Geography":
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Al Aziziyah
or Azizia , town, NW Libya, near Tripoli. It is a major trade center of the Jifarah plain. The highest shade temperature on earth, 141°F (60.6°C), was recorded there.
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Azizia
see Al Aziziyah , Libya.
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Bardiyah
or Bardia , town, NE Libya, a port on the Mediterranean Sea, near the Egyptian border. During World War II it was the most strongly defended Italian position in the British campaign (Dec., 1940-Feb., 1941) in...
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Benghazi
or Bengasi , city (1985 est. pop. 490,500), capital of Benghazi municipality, NE Libya, the main city of Cyrenaica and a port on the Mediterranean Sea. It is primarily an administrative and commercial center...
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Cyrenaica
historic region, E Libya, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea. Benghazi , Al Marj, Darnah, and Tobruk are the chief cities. The Greeks colonized N Cyrenaica in the 7th cent. BC, founding numerous settlements. In the mid-1st cent. BC, Cyrenaica became a Roman province. In AD 115-16 there was a...
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Fazzan
or Fezzan , historic region, SW Libya. Marzuq , Sabhha, Brak, and Zawilah, all situated in oases in the Sahara Desert, are the chief settlements. The population is largely Arab, with Berber and black African influence. Located on caravan routes...
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Fezzan
see Fazzan , historic region, Libya.
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Gharyan
or Garian , town, NW Libya, connected by rail and highway with nearby Tripoli. Many of the inhabitants live in a centuries-old subterranean town. A modern settlement was built (20th cent.) above ground by the...
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Ghat
or Gat , walled town, SW Libya, in an oasis in the Sahara, near the Algerian border. It formerly was an important caravan center. Ghat was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1875, by the Italians in 1930,...
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Ghudamis
or Ghadames , town, W Libya, in an oasis in the Sahara, near the borders with Algeria and Tunisia. It was long an important caravan center on the route from Tripoli to West Africa. The town was held by the...
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Libya
officially Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahirya [state of the masses], republic (2005 est. pop. 5,766,000), 679,358 sq mi (1,759,540 sq km), N Africa. It borders on Algeria in the west,...
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Marzuq
or Murzuk , town (1984 pop. 42,294), SW Libya. With Sabha, it is one of the chief settlements of the Fazzan municipality. Marzuq developed around a fort built c.1310 (now in ruins). The town declined with the...
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Misratah
or Misurata , city (1984 pop. 131,031), NW Libya, located in an oasis. A seaport on the Mediterranean Sea, the city exports dates and grain and is noted for its handwoven carpets, pottery, and textiles...
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Tobruk
Arab. Tubruq, city (1984 pop. 75,282), NE Libya, a port on the Mediterranean Sea. It was a fiercely contested objective in World War II (see North Africa, campaigns in ). Tobruk was first taken by the British on Jan. 22, 1941. When the Germans under Erwin Rommel drove the British out of Libya (Mar.-Apr., 1941), the Australian garrison at Tobruk was isolated...
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Tripoli
ancient Oea, Arab. Tarabulus, city (1984 pop. 990,697), capital of Libya and of Tripoli dist., NW Libya, a port on the Mediterranean Sea. It is a commercial, industrial, administrative, and transportation center. Manufactures...
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Tripolitania
historic region, W Libya, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea. Tripoli is the chief city. The original inhabitants of the region were probably Berbers. In the 7th cent. BC the Phoenicians established colonies on the coast at Leptis , Oea (later Tripoli), and Sabratha. The coastal zone was later held by Carthage and was taken by Numidia in 146 BC Rome captured Tripolitania in 46 BC, and in the following centuries, as Roman rule was extended far into the south, the region prospered as a trade and agricultural center. In AD 435,...
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