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Documents for "New Testament":
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Acts of the Apostles
book of the New Testament. It is the only 1st-century account of the expansion of Christianity in its earliest period. It was written in Greek anonymously as early as c.AD 65, but more likely later...
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Colossians
New Testament letter. It was written to the Christians of Colossae and Laodicea, ostensibly by Paul while he was in prison, presumably in Rome (c.AD 60). Its writing was provoked by the appearance of false teachers who taught some sort of gnostic doctrine involving either the worship of angels or...
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Corinthians
two letters of the New Testament. They were written to the church at Corinth by Paul whose stay in Corinth is recorded in the Acts of the Apostles. First Corinthians, written probably at Ephesus early in AD 55, is one of the longest and most important epistles. It shows Paul...
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Ephesians
letter of the New Testament, written, according to tradition, by St. Paul to the Christians of Ephesus from his captivity at Rome (c.AD 60). There is ground for believing that the letter was intended as an encyclical. By virtue of the resurrection the writer claims that...
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epistle
in the Bible, a letter of the New Testament. The Pauline Epistles (ascribed to St. Paul) are Romans , First and Second Corinthians , Galatians , Ephesians , Philippians , Colossians , First and...
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Galatians
letter of the New Testament. It is ascribed to St. Paul and addressed to ethnic Gauls living in central Asia Minor, or to inhabitants of the Roman province of Galatia in S Asia Minor. It may have been the earliest epistle (written c.AD 48); or, as many...
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Gospel
[M.E.,=good news; evangel from Gr.,= good news], a written account of the life of Jesus. Though the Gospels of the New Testament are all anonymous, since the 2d cent. they have been named Matthew , Mark , Luke , and John. The first three are called Synoptic Gospels because they agree in much of their subject matter, wording, and narrative order and so appear to be written from a common vantage point. Some Pseudepigrapha —e.g., the Gospel of Thomas—partly resemble the canonical Gospels. The solemn reading of the day's Gospel is a special feature of the liturgy in many churches. Formerly the Gospel (i.e., a book of...
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Hebrews
an anonymous New Testament homily with closing greetings normally associated with the letter genre, written before c.AD 96. It is addressed to Jewish Christians who were being pressured to renounce...
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James
letter of the New Testament, traditionally classified among the Catholic, or General, Epistles. The James of its ascription is traditionally identified with St. James the Less. However, the name is...
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John
three letters of the New Testament. Traditionally, they are ascribed to John son of Zebedee, the disciple of Jesus. All three letters probably date to the end of the 1st cent. AD, and may have been...
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John, Gospel according to Saint
fourth book of the New Testament. This account of Jesus' life is clearly set off from the other three Gospels (see Synoptic Gospels ), although it is probable that John knew and used both Mark and Luke as sources. The Gospel opens with a prologue in which Jesus is identified with the Word (see Logos ). This term echoes usages of the Old Testament ( "Word of God" ), contemporary Jewish Wisdom speculation, and contemporary Hellenistic philosophy, and designates a figure that mediates between God and the cosmos. Hence "the Word was made flesh" is the classic formulation of the Incarnation. The Gospel is also concerned with the dualism of darkness and light, a theme found in the Dead Sea Scrolls. The Gospel falls into two main sections. The first narrates a series of selected events from Christ's ministry. Lengthy monologues, often polemical in tone, reveal his claim to divine status,...
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Jude
epistle of the New Testament, the next to last book of the Bible. The Jude who wrote it has been identified since ancient times with St. Jude the apostle, but most modern scholars deny the identity...
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Luke, Gospel according to Saint
third book of the New Testament. It was composed in the second half of the 1st cent. Since the 2d cent. it and the Acts of the Apostles have been ascribed to St. Luke; Acts is sometimes considered...
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Mark, Gospel according to
2d book of the New Testament. The shortest of the four Gospels and probably the earliest, it is usually thought to have been composed shortly before the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in AD...
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Matthew, Gospel according to
1st book of the New Testament. Scholars conjecture that it was written for the church at Antioch toward the end of the 1st cent. Traditonally regarded as the earliest Gospel, it is now generally...
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New Testament
the distinctively Christian portion of the Bible , consisting of 27 books of varying lengths dating from the earliest Christian period. The seven epistles whose authorship by St. Paul is undisputed were written c.AD 50-AD 60; most of the remaining...
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parable
the term translates the Hebrew word "mashal" —a term denoting a metaphor, or an enigmatic saying or an analogy. In the Greco-Roman rhetorical tradition, however, "parables" were illustrative narrative examples. Jewish teachers of the 1st cent. AD made use of comparisons in narrative form to clarify scripture. As used in the Gospels, the "parable" not only denotes metaphors, analogies, and enigmatic statements, but also short illustrative narratives. In Jesus' parables, the speaker compares an observable, natural, or human phenomenon to the...
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Peter
two letters of the New Testament, classified among the Catholic (or General) Epistles. Each opens with a statement of authorship by the apostle St. Peter. First Peter, the longer book, is addressed...
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Philemon
letter of the New Testament, written to a Colossian named Philemon by Paul , probably when the latter was a prisoner in Rome (c.AD 60). Onesimus, Philemon's fugitive slave, had found Paul and become a Christian. Paul sent him back to his master with a personal note...
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Philippians
letter of the New Testament, written by St. Paul from captivity probably in Rome (c.AD 60) to the Christians of Philippi (in Macedonia), the first European city that he evangelized. The letter thanks them for gifts they had sent him, informs them...
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Revelation
or Apocalypse , the last book of the New Testament. It was written c.AD 95 on Patmos Island off the coast of Asia Minor by an exile named John, in the wake of local persecution by the Emperor Domitian (AD 81-96)...
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Romans
letter of the New Testament, written by St. Paul , probably from Corinth before his last trip to Jerusalem, c.AD 58. It is a treatise addressed to the Christian church at Rome, apparently to introduce himself and his teaching before his expected...
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Synoptic Gospels
[Gr. synopsis =view together], the first three Gospels ( Matthew , Mark , and Luke ), considered as a unit. They bear greater similarity to each other than any of them does to John , which differs from them also in purpose. The question of the relations between the three is called the Synoptic problem. Most Protestant and some Roman Catholic scholars agree that Matthew and...
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Thessalonians
two letters of the New Testament. First Thessalonians was written by St. Paul from Corinth, c.AD 51, and addressed to the newly founded church at Thessalonica (Thessaloníki). It opens with a reminiscence of the founding of the church there. The second part deals with moral...
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Timothy
two letters of the New Testament. With Titus they comprise the Pastoral Epistles, in which St. Paul addresses his coworkers as the guardians and transmitters of his teaching. Modern scholars have regarded the letters as pseudepigraphical, written by a late 1st or early 2d cent. AD church leader...
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Titus
letter of the New Testament. With First and Second Timothy , it comprises the Pastoral Epistles, purportedly written by St. Paul. Titus resembles First Timothy in detail; it consists of points regarding...
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Transfiguration
in the New Testament, manifestation wherein Jesus appeared "shining" before Peter, James, and John. The traditional explanation is that in it Jesus' divine glory shone in his earthly body. Mt. Tabor is usually said to be the mountain where it took place. The event...
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