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Documents for "Venezuelan History: Biographies":
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Betancourt, Rómulo
1908-81, Venezuelan political leader, president of Venezuela (1945-48, 1959-64). Following a stormy career as a leader of radical student groups, he founded (1935) the Oganización Venezolana, which later became the party Acción Democrática. In 1945, Betancourt, placed in power by a military coup, declared universal suffrage, instituted social reforms, and secured for Venezuela 50% of the profits reaped by oil companies. Forced into...
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Caldera Rodríguez, Rafael
1916-, president of Venezuela (1969-74, 1994-99). A lawyer and professor of sociology, he was first elected to the chamber of deputies in 1941 and was a founder of the center-right Social...
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Castro, Cipriano
1858?-1924, president of Venezuela (1901-8). In 1899 he usurped the government, overthrowing Andrade. Called the Lion of the Andes by his followers, he was a stern and arbitrary caudillo, who...
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Chávez Frías, Hugo Rafael
1954-, Venezuelan political leader, president of Venezuela (1999-). Educated at the Military Academy of Venezuela (grad. 1975), for two decades he was a career army officer, rising to the rank of...
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Crespo, Joaquín
1841?-1898, president of Venezuela (1884-86, 1894-98). He served his first term under the dominance of Antonio Guzmán Blanco. In 1892 he led a revolt and established a military dictatorship. His second term was noted for the bitter feelings between the United States and England brought about by the Venezuela Boundary...
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Gómez, Juan Vicente
1857-1935, caudillo of Venezuela (1908-35). Of indigenous and white parentage, Gómez was born on a ranch in the Western Andes and grew up a nearly illiterate cattle herder. He catapulted into the...
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Guzmán Blanco, Antonio
1829-99, president of Venezuela, a caudillo who dominated the nation from 1870 to 1888. Son of the founder of the Liberal party, Guzmán Blanco was a magnetic and energetic figure with considerable...
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Leoni, Raúl
1905-72, president of Venezuela (1964-69). As a student (1921) he was jailed for political activity and during the next 37 years was several times exiled. He returned to Caracas after the...
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Miranda, Francisco de
1750-1816, Venezuelan revolutionist and adventurer. A hero of the struggle for independence from Spain, he is sometimes called the Precursor to distinguish him from Simón Bolívar , who completed the task of liberation. Before he championed the independence of the Spanish colonies, Miranda involved himself in a number of adventures. As an officer in the Spanish army he served...
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Monagas, José Tadeo
1784-1868, Venezuelan political leader. He fought under Bolívar in the revolt against Spain. Chosen by José Antonio Páez as president in 1847, he set up a compromise administration. Páez subsequently revolted, but Monagas crushed the insurrection. In 1851, José Gregorio Monagas, a brother, was inaugurated, and in...
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Páez, José Antonio
1790-1873, Venezuelan revolutionist, president, and caudillo. He boldly led (1810-19) a band of llaneros [plainsmen] in skillful guerrilla warfare against the Spanish, aided Simón Bolívar at the battle of Carabobo (1821), and drove (1823) the Spanish from their last Venezuelan stronghold at Puerto Cabello. He led the separatist movement that disrupted Bolívar's Colombian republic...
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Pérez Jiménez, Marcos
1914-2001, president of Venezuela (1952-58). As an army captain he took part in the coup that installed (1945) the Democratic Action party in power, but he subsequently objected to its leftist...
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Pérez Rodríguez, Carlos Andrés
1922-, president of Venezuela (1974-78, 1989-93). An aide to President Rómulo Betancourt, he was secretary of the interior in Betancourt's second administration (1959-64). He became secretary of...
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