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Documents for "Canadian History: Biographies":
  • Abbott, Sir John Joseph Caldwell 1821-93, Canadian political leader. He was a graduate of McGill College, where he served on the law faculty (1853-80). He served in the Canadian House of Commons (1860-74; 1880-87) before his...
  • Aberhart, William 1878-1943, premier of Alberta, Canada, b. Ontario. He was a schoolteacher and a founder and dean of the Calgary Prophetic Bible Institute (opened 1927). About 1932 he became interested in Social Credit , which advocated direct money payments to all citizens. He was an organizer of the Social Credit party of Alberta and was elected (1935) to the provincial legislature with enough supporters to...
  • Albanel, Charles 1616-96, French missionary explorer in Canada, a Jesuit priest. After arriving in Canada (1649), he was stationed many years at Tadoussac where he explored the surrounding wilderness. At the time...
  • Allan, Sir Hugh 1810-82, Canadian financier and shipowner, b. Scotland. He emigrated to Canada in 1826, was employed by a large shipbuilding company in Montreal, and later founded the Allan Line of steamships. He...
  • Baldwin, Robert 1804-58, Canadian statesman, leader of the movement for representative government in Canada, b. York (now Toronto), Ont. His father, William Warren Baldwin (1775-1844), was a leader of the Reform...
  • Beauharnois, Charles de la Boische, marquis de 1670-1749, French governor of New France (1726-46). Despite the loss (1745) of Louisburg to the British, which led to his replacement, Beauharnois's rule was generally peaceful and prosperous. He...
  • Bennett, Richard Bedford 1870-1947, Canadian prime minister, b. Hopewell, N.B. In 1927 he succeeded Arthur Meighen as leader of the Conservative party; upon the defeat of the Liberals in 1930, he became prime minister. At...
  • Bigot, François 1703-77?, intendant of New France (1748-59), b. Bordeaux, France. At Louisburg, where he served (1739-45) as commissary, it has been said that he indulged in fraudulent practices that contributed...
  • Blake, Edward 1833-1912, Canadian Liberal party leader, b. Upper Canada (Ontario). A prominent constitutional lawyer, he was elected to the House of Commons in 1867. In 1871 he became premier of Ontario, and he...
  • Bond, Sir Robert 1857-1927, Newfoundland political leader. He was educated in England and later entered Newfoundland politics. In 1890, he negotiated a reciprocity agreement between Newfoundland and the United...
  • Borden, Sir Frederick William 1847-1917, Canadian statesman, b. Cornwallis, N.S. He entered (1874) the Canadian House of Commons as a Liberal and served (1896-1911) as Wilfrid Laurier's minister of militia and defense. During...
  • Borden, Sir Robert Laird 1854-1937, Canadian political leader, prime minister during World War I, b. Grand Pré, N.S. Called to the bar in 1878, he won a reputation as a constitutional lawyer. He was elected to the House of...
  • Bouchard, Lucien 1938-, French-Canadian separatist leader, b. Quebec. A lawyer and a political ally of Brian Mulroney , Bouchard served under him as Canada's ambassador to France (1985-88) and environment minister (1989-90). In 1990 he broke with Mulroney and the Progressive Conservative party over the failed Meech Lake Accord and formed the Bloc Québécois, a Quebec separatist party intended to complement the provincial Parti Québécois (PQ) on the federal level. In the 1993 elections the party became the second largest in the Canadian parliament, and the charismatic Bouchard became leader of the opposition. He lost a leg to a...
  • Bourassa, Henri 1868-1952, Canadian political leader and publisher, b. Montreal; grandson of Louis Joseph Papineau. He was elected as an Independent Liberal to the Canadian House of Commons in 1896 but resigned...
  • Bourassa, Robert 1933-96, Canadian political leader. He received a law degree from the Univ. of Montreal (1957) and later studied at Oxford and Harvard. He was elected to the Quebec Legislative Assembly in 1966. In...
  • Bowell, Sir Mackenzie 1823-1917, Canadian prime minister, b. England. A leader of the Protestant and English interests in Canada, he served as a Conservative in the Canadian House of Commons (1867-92) and in the Senate...
  • Bracken, John 1883-1969, Canadian political leader, b. Ontario. A noted agricultural expert, he was premier of Manitoba for 20 years (1922-42). In 1942 he was chosen to lead Canada's Conservative party, which he...
  • Broadbent, John Edward 1936-, Canadian political leader. After studying at the Univ. of Toronto (Ph.D., 1966) and the London School of Economics, he taught political science at York Univ. In 1968 he was elected to the...
  • Brock, Sir Isaac 1769-1812, British general, Canadian hero of the War of 1812. A British army officer, he was sent to Canada in 1802 and was given command (1806) of Upper and Lower Canada. He strengthened defenses...
  • Brown, George 1818-80, Canadian statesman and journalist, b. Scotland. In 1837 he emigrated to the United States, but after five years in New York City, he settled in Toronto, Ont. There he founded (1844) the...
  • Brulé, Étienne c.1592-1632, French explorer in North America. He arrived (1608) in the New World with Samuel de Champlain, who sent him (1610) into the wilderness to learn about Native Americans and the land. He...
  • Céloron de Blainville, Pierre Joseph de 1693-1759, French Canadian soldier, b. Montreal. He was commandant at Michilimackinac (1734-42), Detroit (1742-43, 1750-53), Niagara (1744-46), and Crown Point (1746-47). In 1739-40 he led a...
  • Campbell, Kim (Avril Phaedra Campbell), 1947-, Canadian political leader, prime minister of Canada (1993), b. Port Alberni, British Columbia. A litigation lawyer and originally a member of the Social Credit party, she held (1983-88) appointed and elected provincial positions in British Columbia. After joining the Progressive Conservative party , she was elected (1988) to the Canadian parliament. She served as justice minister and attorney general (1990-93) and defense minister (1993) under Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. In 1993 she succeeded Mulroney, becoming Canada's first woman prime minister, as well as the first prime minister born and raised in western Canada. Shortly thereafter she and all but two of her...
  • Campbell, Robert 1808-94, Canadian fur trader and explorer, b. Scotland. Employed as a young man by the Hudson's Bay Company , he was sent in 1834 to the Mackenzie River region, where he remained until 1852. He discovered the Pelly River in 1840, descending it in 1843 to its confluence with the Lewes River to form the...
  • Carleton, Guy, 1st Baron Dorchester 1724-1808, governor of Quebec and British commander during the American Revolution. He began his service in America in 1758 and distinguished himself in the French and Indian War. After 1766, as...
  • Cartier, Jacques 1491-1557, French navigator, first explorer of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and discoverer of the St. Lawrence River. He made three voyages to the region, the first two (1534, 1535-36) directly at the...
  • Cartier, Sir Georges Étienne 1814-73, Canadian statesman, b. Quebec prov. He was called to the bar of Lower Canada (Quebec) in 1835. He took part in the rebellion of 1837 inspired by Louis Joseph Papineau and was forced to flee to the United States, but he returned to Canada in 1838. In 1848 he was elected to the legislative assembly of Canada, where he became a leader of the French Canadians. With...
  • Cartwright, Sir Richard John 1835-1912, Canadian politician, b. Kingston, Ont. He was elected as a Conservative to the legislative assembly of Canada (1863) and to the first dominion House of Commons (1867), but he later...
  • Chapais, Sir Thomas 1858-1946, Canadian politician and historian, b. Quebec prov.; son of Jean Charles Chapais (1811-85). Thomas Chapais became professor of history at Laval Univ. He was appointed to the legislative...
  • Charest, Jean 1958-, Canadian politician. A lawyer and member of the Progressive Conservative party, he was been a member of parliament from Quebec since 1984. From 1986 to 1993 Charest served in cabinet...
  • Chauveau, Pierre Joseph Olivier 1820-90, French Canadian educator and politician, prime minister of Quebec (1867-73), b. Quebec. He became superintendent of education (1855) in Lower Canada. During his tenure normal schools were...
  • Chrétien, Jean (Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien) , 1934-, Canadian politician and prime minister (1993-2003), b. Quebec. He received his legal education at Quebec's Laval Univ. and was a practicing lawyer until his 1963 election to parliament. A...
  • Clark, Joe (Charles Joseph Clark), 1939-, prime minister of Canada (1979-80), b. High River, Alta. He entered the Canadian House of Commons from Alberta in 1972 and became leader of the Progressive...
  • Coldwell, Major James William 1888-1974, Canadian political leader, b. England. He went to Canada in 1910 and became a school administrator in Regina, Sask. He was a leader of the province's Farmer-Labour party (1932-35) and...
  • Courcelle, Daniel Rémy, sieur de d.1698, governor of New France (1665-72). He arrived with the intendant Jean Talon, and together they inaugurated a period of peace and prosperity. Courcelle led (1666) an unsuccessful winter raid...
  • Craig, Sir James Henry 1748-1812, British soldier, governor of Canada (1807-11), b. Gibraltar. He served in the British army from 1763, fighting in the American Revolution and later holding posts in Africa and India. In...
  • Crerar, Henry Duncan Graham 1888-1965, Canadian general in World War II. He fought in World War I and later headed the Royal Military College. In 1940 he was made chief of the Canadian general staff. In 1941 he was given...
  • Crerar, Thomas Alexander 1876-1975, Canadian political leader. Under his able direction the United Grain Growers, Ltd., of which he was president (1907-29), became one of the most successful farmers' cooperative movements...
  • Currie, Sir Arthur William 1875-1933, Canadian commander in World War I. He made a distinguished record for himself in World War I as a brigade and division commander, particularly at Ypres (1915) and Vimy Ridge (1917),...
  • Davies, Sir Louis Henry 1845-1924, Canadian jurist, b. Charlottetown, P.E.I. While a member of the provincial legislature (1872-79), he also served (1876-79) as prime minister of Prince Edward Island. From 1882 to 1901...
  • Day, Stockwell 1950-, Canadian political leader, b. Barrie, Ontario. He grew up in Montreal, attended (1970-71) the Univ. of Victoria, and held such jobs as auctioneer, deckhand, lumberjack, contractor, Christian...
  • Dease, Peter Warren 1788-1863, Canadian explorer. He was in the North West Company before its merger with the Hudson's Bay Company and later was a Hudson's Bay Company trader. He was a member of the party of Sir John...
  • Diefenbaker, John George 1895-1979, Canadian political leader. Elected to Parliament (1940), he succeeded George Drew as leader of the Progressive Conservative party (1956), and (1957) succeeded Liberal Louis St. Laurent...
  • Doherty, Charles Joseph 1855-1931, Canadian jurist and statesman. After serving (1891-1906) as judge of the superior court of Quebec prov., he retired (1906) from the bench and entered (1908) the Canadian House of...
  • Dollard des Ormeaux, Adam 1635-1660, garrison commander of the fort at Ville-Marie (Montreal), b. France. He probably went to Canada in 1658. In the spring of 1660 he led a small party of Frenchmen up the Ottawa River to...
  • Dorion, Sir Antoine Aimé 1818-91, Canadian politician and jurist, b. Lower Canada (Quebec). In 1854 he was elected to the Canadian Assembly and held several cabinet posts before confederation (1867). Although an opponent...
  • Douglas, Sir James 1803-77, Canadian fur trader and colonial governor, b. British Guiana (now Guyana). As a young man, he went to Canada in the service of the North West Company; soon after its merger (1821) with the...
  • Drew, George Alexander 1894-1973, Canadian political leader. A lawyer, he led the Conservative party in Ontario from 1938 and served in the provincial legislature (1939-48) and in the House of Commons (1949-56). From...