Documents for "Music: Popular and Jazz":

• Beach Boys, The American rock music band formed in 1961 by brothers Brian Wilson, 1942-, Dennis Wilson, 1944-83, and Carl Wilson, 1946-98, with Mike Love, 1941-, and Alan Jardine, 1942-. The band popularized, if not invented, California rock, a style that featured rich, simple guitar work and vocal harmonies and that glorified a teenage life in California centered on...

• Beatles, The English rock music group formed in the late 1950s and disbanded in 1970. The members were John Lennon, 1940-80, guitar and harmonica; (James) Paul McCartney, 1942-, guitar and piano; George Harrison,...

• bluegrass music see country and western music.

• blues see jazz.

• calypso a form of folk song developed on the island of Trinidad and also popular in other Caribbean countries. Thought to have begun with 19th-century black slaves, calypso songs developed and continue to...

• country and western music American popular music form originating in the Southeast (country music) and the Southwest and West (western music). The two regional styles coalesced in the 1920s when recorded material became...

• folk music see folk song.

• folk song music of anonymous composition, transmitted orally. The theory that folk songs were originally group compositions has been modified in recent studies. These assume that the germ of a folk melody is...

• gospel music American religious musical form that owes much of its origin to the Christian conversion of West Africans enslaved in the American South. Gospel music partly evolved from the songs slaves sang on...

• Grand Ole Opry weekly American radio program featuring live country and western music. The nation's oldest continuous radio show, it was first broadcast in 1925 on Nashville's WSM as an amateur showcase. Founded and shaped by station manager George Dewey Hay ( "The Solemn Old Judge" ), it was called the WSM Barn Dance until 1926. Hiring professionals beginning in 1930, the Opry won wider popularity during the decade as Roy Acuff starred and other country luminaries became...

• Grateful Dead, The American rock music group formed in 1965 by guitarists Jerry Garcia, 1942-95, and Bob Weir, 1947-, harmonica player Ron Pigpen McKernan, 1945-73, bassist Phil Lesh, 1940-, and drummer Bill Kreutzmann, 1946-; later members included keyboardists Keith Godchaux, 1947-80, and Brent Mydland, 1953-90, and, on and off, drummer Mickey Hart, 1950-. One of the formative acid-rock bands, the Grateful Dead became known in San Francisco as the house band for author Ken Kesey 's LSD "Acid Tests." They altered rock music by incorporating into their sound elements of country music, bluegrass, and blues. The band's most important recordings ( Anthem for the Sun, 1968; Workingman's Dead, 1970; American Beauty, 1971) were made before 1972; thereafter they sustained their reputation through extensive concert tours. The remaining members of the Grateful Dead disbanded in 1995 following Garcia's death, but...

• hip-hop see rap music.

• jazz the most significant form of musical expression of African-American culture and arguably the most outstanding contribution the United States has made to the art of music. ...

• Ladysmith Black Mambazo choral group formed in 1965 in Ladysmith, South Africa, led by Joseph Shabalala. The group consists of 12 members, 8 or 10 on stage at one time, singing with a precise yet free-flowing phrasing...

• Led Zeppelin English pop music group formed in 1968 by guitarist Jimmy Page (1944-), singer Robert Plant (1948-), bassist John Paul Jones (1946-), and drummer John "Bonzo" Bonham (1948-80). Mingling elements of blues, folk, and rock in its performances and recordings, Led Zepplin emerged as one of the most important and successful rock groups of the late 1960s and...

• Mahotella Queens South African vocal group formed in 1964 by songwriter Robert Bopape. One of the most popular dance bands in South Africa, they often perform with the support of other established singers...

• Newport Jazz Festival annual summer music festival, held at Newport, R.I. Sponsored by Mr. and Mrs. Louis Lorillard and George Wein, the first performance was held in July, 1954. The festival brings together jazz lovers...

• popular music see country and western music ; folk song ; gospel music ; jazz ; rap music ; rock music.

• ragtime see jazz.

• rap music or hip-hop, genre originating in the mid-1970s among black and Hispanic performers in New York City, at first associated with an athletic style of dancing, known as breakdancing. The word rap, derived from a...

• reggae Jamaican popular music that developed in the 1960s among Kingston's poor blacks, drawing on American "soul" music and traditional African and Jamaican folk music and ska (a Jamaican and British dance-hall music). Many of its highly political songs proclaim the tenets of the Rastafarian religious...

• rock and roll see rock music.

• rock music type of music originating in the United States in the mid-1950s and increasingly popular throughout much of the world.

• rock 'n' roll see rock music.

• Rolling Stones English rock music group that rose to prominence in the mid-1960s and continues to exert great influence. Members have included singer Mick Jagger (Michael Phillip Jagger), 1943-; guitarists Brian...

• salsa American popular music developed largely in New York City during the 1970s; its name is derived from the Spanish word for hot sauce. It is a mixture of various elements: rhumba, mambo, chacha, and...

• swing music see jazz.