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Documents for "Classical Literature":
  • Antiphon c.479-411 BC, Athenian orator. He rarely spoke in public but wrote defenses for others to speak. Of his 15 extant orations 3 were for use in court, the rest probably for the instruction of his...
  • Calypso nymph, daughter of Atlas, in Homer's Odyssey. She lived on the island of Ogygia and there entertained Odysseus for seven years. Although she offered to make him immortal if he would remain, Odysseus...
  • dithyramb in ancient Greece, hymn to the god Dionysus, choral lyric with exchanges between the leader and the chorus. It arose, probably, in the extemporaneous songs of the Dionysiac festivals and was...
  • Gesta Romanorum medieval collection of Latin stories. Although the title means "Deeds of the Romans," the tales have very little to do with actual Roman history. Each tale is characterized by a moral. The earliest manuscript dates from the 14th cent., but it had probably been first collected...
  • Greek Anthology a collection of short epigrammatic poems representing Greek literature from the 7th cent. BC to the 10th cent. AD It contains more than 6,000 poems on a variety of subjects by some 320 authors...
  • Greek literature, ancient the writings of the ancient Greeks. The Greek Isles are recognized as the birthplace of Western intellectual life.
  • Hellenism the culture, ideals, and pattern of life of ancient Greece in classical times. It usually means primarily the culture of Athens and the related cities during the Age of Pericles. The term is also applied to the ideals of later writers and thinkers who draw their inspiration from ancient Greece. Frequently it is contrasted...
  • Hellenistic civilization The conquests of Alexander the Great spread Hellenism immediately over the Middle East and far into Asia. After his death in 323 BC, the influence of Greek civilization continued to expand over the Mediterranean world and W Asia. The wars of the Diadochi marked, it is true, the breakup of Alexander's brief empire, but the establishment of Macedonian dynasties in Egypt, Syria, and Persia (the Ptolemies and the Seleucidae) helped to mold the world of...
  • Homeric Hymns name applied to a body of 34 hexameter poems falsely attributed to Homer by the ancients. Composed probably between 800 and 300 BC, they are complimentary verses addressed to the various gods, such as Aphrodite, Apollo, Demeter, and Hermes. Although sometimes of great...
  • Latin literature the literature of ancient Rome and of that written in Latin in later eras.
  • Philippics series of four denunciations of Philip II of Macedon by Demosthenes. The scathing polemics of Cicero against Marc Antony are also called Philippics.
  • Pleiad [from Pleiades ], group of seven tragic poets of Alexandria who flourished c.280 BC under Ptolemy II Philadelphus. Of the works of the men usually given in lists of the Pleiad only those of Lycophron survive. A group of enthusiastic French poets took c.1553 the name Pléiade from the Alexandrian Pleiad. The conventional seven of this group are Ronsard (the leader), Joachim Du Bellay , Belleau , Jodelle , Tyard , Baïf , and Daurat. Their avowed purpose was to encourage the writing of French, as against Latin, in order to enrich the French language and to establish a modern literature equal to other literatures. They...
  • Suidas title of a Greek lexicon-encyclopedia. The name is also applied to its compiler, who seems to have lived in the 10th cent. AD Included in the lexicon are texts from classical Greek works and the...
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