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Documents for "Fashion: Biographies":

• Adrian, Gilbert 1903-59, popularly known simply as Adrian, fashion designer, b. Naugatuk, Conn. Educated in New York City, he created designs for Broadway shows until 1925, when he moved to Hollywood. As studio...

• Armani, Giorgio 1934-, Italian fashion designer. He designed menswear at Nino Cerruti (1964-70), then worked freelance until 1975 when, in partnership with Sergio Galeotti, he opened his Milan design house. Armani...

• Ashley, Laura 1925-85, British fashion designer and manufacturer. After serving in the Women's Royal Naval Service, she and her husband founded a company to produce silkscreened placemats, scarves, and tea...

• Balenciaga, Cristóbal 1895-1972, French fashion designer. He established houses of couture in Spain and in Paris (1937-68) and quickly became couturier to Europe's royalty and aristocracy. He was noted for his huge...

• Blass, Bill (William Ralph Blass), 1922-2002, American fashion designer, b. Fort Wayne, Ind. Active for three decades, he was most noted for high-quality, high-priced, and quintessentially American clothing...

• Brummell, Beau (George Bryan Brummell) , 1778-1840, English dandy and wit. Brummell was greatly admired for his fastidious appearance and confident manner. He was an intimate of the prince regent (later George IV), and as such influenced...

• Cardin, Pierre 1922-, French fashion designer. He spent most of his early years working in Paris for such firms as Schiaparelli and Dior. He designed the costumes for Jean Cocteau 's film Beauty and the Beast (1946). At first known as a designer of expensive clothing, he produced his first ready-to-wear line in the early 1960s. He is well known for his early astronaut suits, metal body jewelry, and...

• Cassini, Oleg 1913-2006, American fashion designer, b. Paris as Oleg Cassini Loiewski. Raised in Italy, he came to the United States in 1936, and in the 1940s designed costumes for Twentieth-Century Fox and...

• Chanel, Coco (Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel) , 1883-1971, French fashion designer b. Saumur. She established a millinery shop in Deauville in 1909, founded her first house of couture there in 1913, and opened in Paris in 1914. An enormously...

• Courrèges, André 1923-, French fashion designer whose designs were especially popular and influential during the 1960s. He worked for the couturier Cristóbal Balenciaga from 1950 to 1961, when he opened his own house. Often using white, Courréges created space-age, unisex styles and is known for dresses and trouser suits featuring straight, flat lines and sheer...

• de La Renta, Oscar 1932-, French fashion designer, b. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. He studied in Madrid and began a career in fashion with Balenciaga. Moving to France in the 1960s, he became known for his luxurious clothes, especially evening wear, of extravagant materials. He designed for Elizabeth Arden in New York and also established his...

• Dior, Christian 1905-57, French fashion designer. He established his main house of couture in Paris (1946) and by 1958 had salons in 15 countries employing more than 2,000 people. Known particularly for the "New Look" of 1947 (narrow shoulders, constricted waist, emphasized bust, and long, wide skirt), his designs were nonfunctional but enormously popular in the postwar era. He created the short, waistless sack...

• Erté 1892-1990, French designer and illustrator, b. St. Petersburg as Romain de Tirtoff. He moved to France and worked for a time sketching for Paul Poiret and designing opera and theater costumes...

• Galanos, James 1925-, American fashion designer, b. Philadelphia. His luxurious designs employ the most exacting workmanship and are extremely expensive. His most famous client is Nancy Reagan, wife of former...

• Gernreich, Rudi (Rudolph) 1922-85, American fashion designer, b. Vienna. In 1938, he fled to California, where he studied in Los Angeles. He worked as a dancer and costume designer before becoming a freelance designer. His...

• Givenchy, Hubert de (James Marcel Taffin) , 1927-, French fashion designer. He established his house of couture in Paris. A disciple of Balenciaga and assistant designer to Schiaparelli , he opened his own house in 1952, selling it to Moët Hennessy-Louis Vuitton in 1988. He remained under contract with them until 1995, when he retired and was replaced by British designer John...

• Halston 1932-90, American fashion designer, b. Des Moines, Iowa as Roy Halston Frowick; attended Indiana Univ. and the Art Institute of Chicago. In 1958 he moved to New York City, designing hats for Dilly...

• Karan, Donna 1948-, American fashion designer, b. Forest Hills, N.Y., as Donna Faske. Daughter of a tailor and a garment saleswoman, she started to design clothes as a teenager and studied at New York's Parsons...

• Klein, Calvin Richard 1942-, American fashion designer, b. New York City. In 1968 he established Calvin Klein Limited, which produced clothes and accessories bearing his hallmark of simple, elegant lines and luxury...

• Lagerfeld, Karl (Karl Otto Lagerfeld), 1938-, German fashion designer, b. Hamburg, immigrated with his family to Paris in 1952. He won a fashion award at 16, designed for couturiers Pierre Balmain (1954-58) and...

• Lauren, Ralph 1939-, American fashion designer, b. New York City as Ralph Lipschitz. He began his career by creating neckties under the name Polo for Beau Brummel. In 1968 he created a menswear line under the...

• Lelong, Lucien see under fashion.

• Mainbocher (Main Rousseau Bocher), 1891-1976, American fashion designer, b. Chicago. He was known for his expensive, elegant evening clothes; cardigan sweaters with jeweled buttons; and high-waisted, long,...

• McCardell, Claire 1905-58, American fashion designer, b. Frederick, Md. She began her career as a model and assistant designer for Robert Turk in 1929. Her clothes were functional with clean lines and an American...

• Miyake, Issey 1938-, Japanese fashion designer, b. Hiroshima, grad. Tama Art Univ., Tokyo, 1964. He came to Paris in 1965 and designed for Guy Laroche (1966-68) and Givenchy (1968-69) before moving to New York...

• Nash, Beau (Richard Nash), 1674-1761, Englishman of fashion. As master of ceremonies at Bath he was the recognized leader of society. He maintained his luxurious mode of living by gambling until gaming was forbidden...

• Orsay, Alfred Guillaume Gabriel, count d' 1801-52, French dandy. The son of a Bonapartist general, he went to England in 1821, where he met Marguerite, countess of Blessington , and her husband. In 1827, D'Orsay married Blessington's daughter, but the union was unsuccessful. After Blessington's death D'Orsay and Marguerite became the center of a fashionable artistic and...

• Poiret, Paul 1879-1944, French couturier, b. Paris. He served an apprenticeship with Doucet in the 1890s, moved to the Maison Worth in 1900, and in 1904 opened his own small studio. Dominating Paris couture...

• Pucci, Emilio (Marchese Emilio Pucci di Barsento) , 1914-92, Italian fashion designer. After establishing showrooms in Florence, Capri, and Rome, he began his signature look with elegant sportswear, especially ski outfits. He created his own...

• Quant, Mary 1934-, British fashion designer. After opening her boutique in London to sell clothes, she began to design them as well. She was one of the originators of the "mod" or "Chelsea" look of the 1960s...

• Saint Laurent, Yves 1936-, French fashion designer, b. Algeria as Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent. He established houses of couture and boutiques in Paris and New York. He was the foremost assistant to...

• Schiaparelli, Elsa 1890-1973, French fashion designer, b. Rome. She established a house of couture in Paris that existed from the late 1920s until 1954, and established a New York showroom in 1949. A daring,...

• Versace, Gianni 1946-97, Italian fashion designer, b. Reggio Calabria. A dressmaker's son, Versace worked for several Italian designers before opening (1978) his own Milan studio in partnership with his brother...

• Vionnet, Madeleine 1876-1975, French fashion designer. She worked for Parisian and London dressmakers and designed for the Callot Soeurs and Jacques Doucet houses before opening her own studio in 1912. In the 1920s...

• Vreeland, Diana (Diana Dalziel), 1906-89, American fashion editor and consultant, b. Paris. In 1937, she joined Harper's Bazaar, becoming fashion editor in 1939. In 1963, she moved to Vogue magazine, where she was editor in chief from the mid-1960s until 1971. As editor of the two leading fashion magazines, she had considerable influence on fashion and on the success of particular...

• Worth, Charles Frederick 1825-95, French and British fashion designer. He was the founder of the Maison Worth in Paris and London, the longest running fashion dynasty, and the arbiter of women's fashions for more than a...