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Documents for "Photography: Biographies":

• Abbott, Berenice 1898-1991, American photographer, b. Springfield, Ohio. Abbott turned from sculpture to photography in 1923. She was assistant to Man Ray in Paris (1923-25), where she made an extraordinary series of portraits of the artistic and literary celebrities of the 1920s. She began her great documentation of New York City in 1929; many of...

• Adams, Ansel 1902-84, American photographer, b. San Francisco. He began taking photographs in the High Sierra and Yosemite Valley, with which his name is permanently associated, becoming professional in 1930...

• Adamson, Robert see Hill, David Octavius.

• Arbus, Diane 1923-71, American photographer, b. New York City. For nearly 20 years Arbus operated a successful fashion photography studio with her husband. She studied with Lisette Model and began, in the late...

• Atget, Eugène 1857-1927, French photographer. After working as a sailor and then as an actor for many years, Atget became a photographer at the age of 42. He began at once to produce his detailed visual record...

• Avedon, Richard 1923-2004, American photographer, b. New York City. Son of Russian-Jewish immigrants, he studied philosophy at Columbia Univ., served in the photographic section of the U.S. Merchant Marine during...

• Bourke-White, Margaret 1904-71, American photo-journalist, b. New York City. One of the original staff photographers at Fortune, Life, and Time magazines, Bourke-White was noted for her coverage of World War II, particularly of the invasion of Russia and the liberation of Italy and of German concentration camps. Her series on the rural...

• Brady, Mathew B. c.1823-96, American pioneer photographer, b. Warren co., N.Y. Brady learned the daguerreotype process from S. F. B. Morse and in 1844 opened his own photographic studio in New York City, which...

• Brassaï 1899-1984, French photographer, b. Brassó, Hungary (now Braşov, Romania), as Gyula Halász. Particularly known for his nightime photographs of Paris, he studied art in Hungary and Germany before...

• Callahan, Harry Morey 1912-99, American photographer, b. Detroit. Self-taught, he began taking pictures (1938) as a hobby and, inspired by the work of Ansel Adams , began to produce professional-quality photographs in the 1940s. His mature work is said to mingle the precision of Americans like Adams with the experimentalism of Europeans like Lázló Moholy-Nagy. From his first efforts, Callahan portrayed certain typical subjects drawn from his own daily life experience. His black-and-white city streetscapes and rural landscapes combine the commonplace...

• Cameron, Julia Margaret kăm´eren , 1815-79, English pioneer photographer, b. Calcutta (now Kolkata). Born and married into the high ranks of the British civil service, Cameron became an intimate of many of the most famous people of...

• Capa, Robert 1913-54, American war photographer, b. Hungary as Andre Friedmann. He came to Paris in 1933 and from that time on recorded with profound concern the spectacle of humanity caught in war. In 1936 he...

• Cartier-Bresson, Henri 1908-2004, French photojournalist, b. Chanteloup, near Paris. Cartier-Bresson is renowned for his countless memorable images of 20th-century individuals and events. After studying painting and...

• Coburn, Alvin Langdon 1882-1936, American photographer, b. Boston. Coburn began making photographs at eight and was one of the younger members of Alfred Stieglitz's Photo-Secession. Like others in the group, he was...

• Cunningham, Imogen 1883-1976, American photographer, b. Portland, Oreg. Cunningham began taking pictures in 1901. After study abroad she opened a studio in Seattle in 1910 and for six decades produced an...

• Curtis, Edward Sheriff 1868-1952, American photographer and pioneer ethnographer known for his documentation of Native Americans, b. near Whitewater, Wis. Curtis was obsessed with photography from childhood, building...

• Eisenstaedt, Alfred 1898-1995, American photographer, b. Dirschau, Germany (now Tczew, Poland). Widely considered the father of photojournalism, he began creating photo essays in Berlin during the 1920s and early...

• Evans, Frederick H. 1853-1943, English photographer. Evans retired from bookselling in 1898 when he began his photographic career. He became internationally famous for his exquisite platinotype images of architectural...

• Evans, Walker 1903-75, American photographer, b. St. Louis. Evans began his photographic career in 1928. His studies of Victorian architecture and his photographs of the rural South during the Great Depression,...

• Fenton, Roger 1819-69, English pioneer photographer. Originally a barrister, Fenton worked from the early 1850s until 1862 as a fashionable architectural, still-life, portrait, and landscape photographer...

• Frank, Robert 1924-, Swiss-American photographer and filmmaker. Frank is considered the pioneer of the "snapshot aesthetic," in which the documentary image is rendered bluntly and without conscious artistry. His best-known work is The Americans (1959), a composite portrait of U.S. culture made in terms of telling glimpses of clutter and trivia. These powerfully composed images were considered gross and shocking when they were first...

• Friedländer, Max J. 1867-1958, German art historian. Educated in Munich, he became director of the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin. He left Germany in 1933 and settled in Holland. A specialist in Netherlandish...

• Friedlander, Lee 1934-, American photographer, b. Aberdeen, Wash. Influenced by Walker Evans and Robert Frank , Friedlander is known for dense and often visually witty black-and-white streetscape views of the American scene. Characteristically filled with shadows or reflections, they frequently reveal the...

• Hill, David Octavius 1802-70, and Robert Adamson, 1821-48, Scottish pioneer photographers. Hill was a painter of romantic Scottish landscapes. In 1843 he was commissioned to make a group portrait of the 470 clergymen who founded the Free Church of...

• Hine, Lewis 1874-1940, American photographer, b. Oshkosh, Wis. Hine dedicated much of his photographic career, which began shortly after he bought his first camera in 1903, to exposing in sharp, painful images...

• Jackson, William Henry 1843-1942, American artist and pioneer photographer of the West, b. Keeseville, N.Y. After serving with the Union army in the Civil War he traveled overland to California (1866-67), part of the way...

• Kertész, André 1894-1985, American photographer, b. Budapest. His black-and-white modernist photographs often capture small, lyrical, and emotionally resonant moments while also formally exploiting the play of...

• Lange, Dorothea 1895-1965, American photographer, b. Hoboken, N.J. From 1916 until 1932, Lange operated a portrait studio. During the Depression she took her camera into the streets of San Francisco where she...

• Lartigue, Jacques Henri 1894-1986, French photographer. The first exhibition of Lartigue's work, at New York City's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in 1962, revealed a remarkable personal use of the photographic medium...

• Leibovitz, Annie 1949-, American photographer, b. Waterbury, Conn., as Anna-Lou Leibovitz. A celebrated portrait photographer, she began contributing photographs to Rolling Stone in 1970, was named its chief photographer three years later, and became known for her images of rock personalities, notably a 1975 Rolling Stones concert tour series and a 1980 double portrait of a...

• Mapplethorpe, Robert 1946-89, American photographer, b. New York City. He is known for his elegantly expressive black-and-white studies of male and female nudes, flowers, and celebrity portraits. He credited sculpture...

• Muybridge, Eadweard 1830-1904, English-born photographer and student of animal locomotion. Muybridge changed his name from Edward James Muggeridge. A gifted and obsessed eccentric, he was a photographic innovator who...

• Nadar pseud. of Gaspard-Félix Tournachon , 1820-1910, French pioneer photographer and writer, b. Paris. Nadar opened a photographic studio in 1853 that became a meeting place for literary and artistic celebrities whose faces were captured...

• O'Sullivan, Timothy H. c.1840-1882, American pioneer photographer, b. New York City. O'Sullivan worked in Matthew Brady's first New York gallery and on the battlefronts of the Civil War. He made photographs for the...

• Penn, Irving 1917-, American photographer, brother of Arthur Penn, b. Plainfield, N.J.; studied Philadelphia Museum School of Industrial Art (1934-38). Best known for his fashion work, he is also a master of portraiture and still life. Originally a painter, Penn...

• Sander, August 1876-1964, Austrian photographer. During his long life Sander made a remarkable composite portrait of the German people. He began his immense work in the early 1890s, making pictures of young men...

• Sherman, Cindy (Cynthia Morris Sherman), 1954-, American photographer, b. Glen Ridge, N.J. In images in which makeup, costumes, wigs, and the like allow her to take on a variety of guises and roles, Sherman...

• Siskind, Aaron 1903-91, American photographer, b. New York City. A member of the Photo League in the 1930s, he began as a documentary photographer, creating such series as Dead End: The Bowery and Harlem Document (1932-40). Aiming to make photographs aesthetic objects in their own right, in the early 1940s Siskind began to create the abstract images for which he is now principally known. Shooting at close...

• Smith, W. Eugene 1918-78, American photojournalist, b. Wichita, Kan. Smith is considered one of the principal masters of modern photojournalism. The distorted newspaper coverage of his father's suicide made him...

• Snowdon, Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of 1930-, British photographer. Educated at Eton and Cambridge, he married Princess Margaret in 1960 and was created earl the following year. The marriage ended in divorce in 1978. Although his reputation as a photographer was based originally on his informal pictures of famous people, he...

• Steichen, Edward 1879-1973, American photographer, b. Luxembourg, reared in Hancock, Mich. Steichen is credited with the transformation of photography into an art form. At 16, while apprenticed as a lithographer,...

• Stieglitz, Alfred 1864-1946, American photographer, editor, and art exhibitor, b. Hoboken, N.J. The first art photographer in the United States, Stieglitz more than any other American compelled the recognition of...

• Strand, Paul 1890-1976, American photographer, b. New York City. Strand studied under Lewis Hine , who introduced him to Alfred Stieglitz. At Stieglitz's famed "291" gallery, Strand had his first one-man exhibition (1916); the last two issues of Stieglitz's Camera Work (1917) were devoted to Strand's photography. His principal early subjects were Manhattan life and 20th-century machinery. In the 1920s he made his exquisitely composed landscape and nature...

• Tournachon, Gaspard-Félix see Nadar.

• Van Der Zee, James 1886-1983, American photographer, b. Lenox, Mass. The son of Ulysses S. Grant's maid and butler, Van Der Zee opened his first studio in Harlem, New York City, in 1915. For 60 years, working in...

• Vishniac, Roman 1897-1990, Russian-American biologist, photographer, linguist, art historian, and philosopher, b. Pavlosk, near St. Petersburg. Vishniac took degrees in medicine, philosophy, art history, and...

• Watkins, Carleton Eugene 1829-1916, America's premier 19th-century landscape photographer, b. Oneonta, N.Y. Watkins created images that helped define the American West for his contemporaries and that continue to resonate...

• Weegee (Arthur Fellig), 1899-1968, American photojournalist, b. Zolochiv, Ukraine (then in Austria-Hungary) as Asher Fellig. His family immigrated (1910) to New York City, where he soon quit school, held...

• Weston, Edward 1886-1958, American photographer, b. Highland Park, Ill. Weston began to make photographs in Chicago parks in 1902, and his works were first exhibited in 1903 at the Art Institute of Chicago. Three...