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Topics related to "trinitrotoluene"

trinitrotoluene
trinitrotoluene or TNT , CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 3 , crystalline, aromatic compound that melts at 81°C. It is prepared by the nitration of toluene. Trinitrotoluene is a high explosive , but, unlike nitroglycerin, it is unaffected by ordinary shocks and jarring, and must be set off by a detona... Read more
toluene
toluene or methylbenzene , C 7 H 8 , colorless liquid aromatic hydrocarbon that melts at -95°C and boils at 110.8°C. It is insoluble in water but highly soluble in most organic solvents. Toluene is obtained from coal tar and petroleum by distillation. It is used as a solvent and as a sta... Read more
picric acid
picric acid or 2,4,6-trinitrophenol , C 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 3 OH, a toxic yellow crystalline solid that melts at 122°C and is soluble in most organic solvents. Picric acid is a derivative of phenol . It reacts with metals to form metal picrates, which like picric acid itself are highly sensitive ... Read more
nitric acid
nitric acid chemical compound, HNO 3 , colorless, highly corrosive, poisonous liquid that gives off choking red or yellow fumes in moist air. It is miscible with water in all proportions. It forms an azeotrope (constant-boiling mixture) that has the composition 68% nitric acid and 32% water and tha... Read more
benzene
benzene , colorless, flammable, toxic liquid with a pleasant aromatic odor. It boils at 80.1°C and solidifies at 5.5°C. Benzene is a hydrocarbon , with formula C 6 H 6 . The simplest picture of the benzene molecule, proposed by the German chemist Friedrich Kekulé (1865), is a hexagon... Read more
explosive
explosive substance that undergoes decomposition or combustion with great rapidity, evolving much heat and producing a large volume of gas. The reaction products fill a much greater volume than that occupied by the original material and exert an enormous pressure, which can be used for blasting and... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "trinitrotoluene"

trinitrotoluene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition trinitrotoluene or TNT , CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 3 , crystalline, aromatic compound...melts at 81°C. It is prepared by the nitration of toluene. Trinitrotoluene is a high explosive , but, unlike nitroglycerin, it is unaffected...
TNT
Book article from: World Encyclopedia TNT ( 2,4,6–trinitrotoluene ) Explosive organic compound (C 7 H 5 N 3 O 6 ) made from toluene by using sulphuric and nitric acids. Its resistance to shock (requiring a detonator to set it off) makes it one of the safest high explosives.
explosives
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to World War II explosives were mostly based on TNT (trinitrotoluene) because it melts before it explodes and can therefore be poured into bombs and shells. It is relatively insensitive to shock...
Harold Clayton Urey
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...work at the Barrett Chemical Company in Frankford near Philadelphia, preparing toluene for the production of TNT (trinitrotoluene) in 1917. In 1919 he returned to Montana to teach in the department of chemistry for 2 years. In 1921 he entered...
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security ...weapon with an explosive force greater than 150 kilotons (i.e., equivalent to that of 150,000 tons of TNT [trinitrotoluene]). The treaty has been observed by both parties since 1974, but did not enter into full legal force until December...
Nuclear Weapons
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security ...energy. An individual nuclear device may have an explosive force equivalent to millions of tons (megatons) of trinitrotoluene (TNT, the chemical explosive traditionally used for such comparisons), more than enough to completely destroy...
benzene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...hydrogen atoms of the benzene molecule. The second member of the series is toluene , C 6 H 5 CH 3 , from which trinitrotoluene is derived, and the third member is xylene , C 6 H 4 (CH 3 ) 2 , a solvent. In xylene and other benzene derivatives...
Explosives
Encyclopedia entry from: UXL Encyclopedia of Science ...vessels. Nuclear explosive: A device that obtains its explosive force from the release of nuclear energy. TNT: Trinitrotoluene, a high explosive. For the next 500 years, gunpowder was used almost exclusively for pyrotechnic (fireworks...
Weapon–grade Plutonium and Uranium, Tracking
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...explosive force of several tens of kilotons (where one kiloton equals the explosive force of one thousand tons of trinitrotoluene, TNT), comparable to the bombs which destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Weapon-grade fissile materials...
toluene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...a starting material for the synthesis of many compounds, including dyes and explosives. When toluene is treated with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids (a process known as nitration), trinitrotoluene (TNT) is produced.

Dictionary entries related to "trinitrotoluene"

trinitrotoluene
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English tri·ni·tro·tol·u·ene / trīˌnītrōˈtälyəˌwēn / • n. see TNT .
T.N.T.
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology T.N.T. initials of the els. of trinitrotoluene . XX.
nuclear yield
Book article from: The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military ...the energy released in the detonation of a nuclear weapon, measured in terms of the kilotons or megatons of trinitrotoluene (TNT) required to produce the same energy release. Nuclear yields are categorized as very low yield (less...
TNT equivalent
Book article from: The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military TNT equivalent a measure of the energy released from the detonation of a nuclear weapon, or from the explosion of a given quantity of fissionable material, in terms of the amount of TNT (trinitrotoluene) that could release the same amount of energy when exploded.
kiloton
Book article from: The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military kiloton n. a measurement of the yield of a nuclear weapon equivalent to the explosion of 1,000 tons of trinitrotoluene (TNT).
kiloton weapon
Book article from: The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military kiloton weapon a nuclear weapon, the yield of which is measured in terms of thousands of tons of trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive equivalents, producing yields from 1 to 999 kilotons.
TNT
Book article from: The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military TNT abbr.the high explosive trinitrotoluene, commonly known as dynamite.
Explosives
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History ...I, DuPont supplied 1.5 billion pounds of military explosives to the Allied forces. In addition to dynamite, trinitrotoluene (TNT) was used extensively in the war effort. Amatol, a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate, was used as well...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Ligninolytic and Nonligninolytic Mineralization of Trinitrotoluene by Several White Rot Basidiomycetes
Magazine article from: Bioremediation Journal; 4/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; ...ABSTRACT The explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is considered a toxic...dinitrotoluene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, white rot fungi INTRODUCTION The nitroaromatic compound trinitrotoluene (TNT) is synthesized as an...
Idaho Inventor Develops Trinitrotoluene Making Method
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 4/14/2008; 461 words ; ...Idaho Falls, Idaho, has developed a trinitrotoluene making method According to the U...Trademark Office: "A method for making trinitrotoluene is described, and which includes...nitrate the organic material and produce trinitrotoluene." The inventor was issued U.S...
BIOTRANSFORMATION OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE (TNT) BY THE FUNGUS FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM
Magazine article from: International Journal of Phytoremediation; 6/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...this fungus to transform 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in liquid cultures was investigated...L TNT. KEY WORDS: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), Fusarium oxysporum, bioremediation...containing the explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolites, are...
Two-stage biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene under nitrogen-rich and nitrogen-limiting conditions
Magazine article from: Water Environment Research; 3/1/1998; ; 700+ words ; ...containing 100 mg/L 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The performance of the system...1998). KEYWORDS: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, granular activated carbon, fluidized...While biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is frequently reported, biodegradation...
DIFFERENCES IN THE BIOTRANSFORMATION OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE (TNT) BETWEEN WILD AND AXENICALLY GROWN ISOLATES OF Myriophyllum aquaticum
Magazine article from: International Journal of Phytoremediation; 6/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...sites contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The transformation of TNT...aquaticum, parrot feather, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), phytoremediation, bioremediation...widespread contamination with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) (Medina and McCutcheon...
Alabama, Minnesota, Oklahoma Inventors Develop 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene And Cyclo-1,3,5-Trimethylene-2,4,6-Trinitramine Recovery Method
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 9/11/2008; 507 words ; ...method of recovery of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene...RDX) from a mixture of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene...the separate recovery of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene...
Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in soil slurry reactors
Magazine article from: Water Environment Research; 1/1/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...mode with soil containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Results indicated that TNT...1999). KEYWORDS: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, soil slurry, bioremediation, co...ammunition production sites is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Previous work indicated...
Fate and Transport of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Loams at a Former Explosives Factory
Magazine article from: Soil & Sediment Contamination; 1/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...Natural attenuation processes affecting 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) were determined within loams for two study...Nitroaromatic explosives, which include 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), were historically the most produced form...
RELEASE AND DEGRADATION OF SORBED 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE BY A MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM.(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Journal of the Alabama Academy of Science; 4/1/2001; ; 650 words ; RELEASE AND DEGRADATION OF SORBED 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE BY A MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM. B.K. Robertson, Dept...State Univ., Montgomery, AL 36101. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), a relatively water soluble nitroaromatic...
A laboratory study of the bioremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-contaminated soil using aerobic/anoxic soil slurry reactor
Magazine article from: Water Environment Research; 1/1/1998; ; 700+ words ; ...munitions, explosives, bioremediation, soil slurry reactor, trinitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene. Introduction Contamination of soil and...main contaminant at many military sites is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Contamination of soil and water with TNT has...