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Petition of Right
Petition of Right 1628, a statement of civil liberties sent by the English Parliament to Charles I . Refusal by Parliament to finance the king's unpopular foreign policy had caused his government to exact forced loans and to quarter troops in subjects' houses as an economy measure. Arbitrary arres...
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initiative
initiative the originating of a law or constitutional amendment by popular petition. It is intended to allow the electorate to initiate legislation independently of the legislature. This direct form of legislation, together with the referendum , was known in Greece and other early democracies. It ...
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gag rules
gag rules in parliamentary procedure, rules limiting or prohibiting free debate on a particular issue. In U.S. history, the term is applied especially to procedural rules in force in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844. With the growth of antislavery feeling after the founding of the Ame...
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Les Andelys
Les Andelys , town (1993 est. pop. 8,580), in Eure dept., N France, Normandy, on the Seine. The twin communities of Grand-Andely and Petit-Andely form a commercial center, with a distillery, metalworks, glassworks, and silk and leather industries. On the border between Normandy proper and the Norman...
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Feuillants
Feuillants , political club of the French Revolution. It emerged in July, 1791, when those Jacobins who opposed a petition for the dethronement of the king split off and began to meet at the former Feuillant convent. Its chief member was Antoine Barnave . The Feuillants advocated a constitutional...
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Roberto de Nobili
Roberto de Nobili , 1577-1656, Italian Jesuit missionary. He was ordained in Rome in 1603 after seven years of training in Naples and sailed the following year for India with a group of Portuguese missionaries. For his unconventional adoption of Hindu customs, he was censured by the authorities in 1...
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Trianon
Trianon , two small châteaux in the park of Versailles , Seine-et-Oise dept., N France. The Grand Trianon was built by J. H. Mansart in 1687 for Louis XIV; Napoleon I sometimes used it as a retreat. The Petit Trianon was built in 1762 by J. A. Gabriel for Louis XV. It was a favorite residence...
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Feargus O'Connor
Feargus O'Connor , 1794-1855, Irish Chartist leader. Elected to the Parliament of 1832 as a supporter of Daniel O'Connell , he soon quarreled with O'Connell and was forced out of Parliament in 1835. Thereafter he devoted himself chiefly to the English radical movement. In 1837 he founded a paper, t...
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Chartism
Chartism workingmen's political reform movement in Great Britain, 1838-48. It derived its name from the People's Charter, a document published in May, 1838, that called for voting by ballot, universal male suffrage, annual Parliaments, equal electoral districts, no property qualifications for membe...
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Sir John Eliot
Sir John Eliot 1592-1632, English parliamentary leader. He was a staunch defender of parliamentary liberties. Eliot instituted (1626) the impeachment proceedings against Charles I's favorite, the 1st duke of Buckingham , and joined Sir Edward Coke and others in promoting the Petition of Right ,...
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