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Topics related to "peptide"

peptide
peptide organic compound composed of amino acids linked together chemically by peptide bonds. The peptide bond always involves a single covalent link between the α-carboxyl (oxygen-bearing carbon) of one amino acid and the amino nitrogen of a second amino acid. In the formation of a peptide... Read more
chymotrypsin
chymotrypsin , proteolytic, or protein-digesting, enzyme active in the mammalian intestinal tract. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins , degrading them into smaller molecules called peptides . Peptides are further split into free amino acids . Chymotrypsin is produced in the pancreas as t... Read more
proline
proline , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l -stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein. It is not essential to the human diet, since it can be synthesized in the body from glutamic acid . The amino group through which it can link to other... Read more
trypsin
trypsin enzyme that acts to degrade protein ; it is often referred to as a proteolytic enzyme, or proteinase. Trypsin is one of the three principal digestive proteinases, the other two being pepsin and chymotrypsin . In the digestive process, trypsin acts with the other proteinases to break d... Read more
glucagon
glucagon , hormone secreted by the α cells of the islets of Langerhans, specific groups of cells in the pancreas . It tends to counteract the action of insulin , i.e., it raises the concentration of glucose in the blood. Glucagon was first purified and crystallized in 1955; the amino acid ... Read more
mushroom poisoning
mushroom poisoning fungal poisoning caused by ingestion of certain mushrooms (fungal organisms), most commonly Amanita phalloides and Amanita muscaria and related species. Symptoms, caused by toxic peptides, may include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, cold sweat, diarrhea, and excessive thirst... Read more
aldosterone
aldosterone , steroid secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland. It is the most potent hormone regulating the body's electrolyte balance. Aldosterone acts directly on the kidney to decrease the rate of sodium-ion excretion (with accompanying retention of water), and to increase the rate of potas... Read more
asparagine
asparagine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l -stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of mammalian proteins. Its structure is identical to that of the amino acid aspartic acid , except that the latter compound's acidic side-chain ... Read more
oxytocin
oxytocin , hormone released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland that facilitates uterine contractions and the milk-ejection reflex. The structure of oxytocin, a cyclic peptide consisting of nine amino acids, was determined in 1953 and in the same year it was synthesized in the labor... Read more
cysteine
cysteine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins . Only the l -stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of mammalian protein. It is particularly abundant in the proteins of hair, hooves, and the keratin of the skin. Cysteine's importance is relate... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "peptide"

peptide
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition peptide organic compound composed of amino acids linked together chemically by peptide bonds. The peptide bond always involves a single covalent link between the α-carboxyl (oxygen-bearing carbon) of one amino acid and the amino nitrogen...
Peptide Linkage
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Peptide Linkage Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are joined by peptide linkages. Although there are only 20 different...amino acids that are assembled by the formation of peptide bonds. The amino group of one amino acid bonds...
endorphins
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...label the receptor and its endogenous peptide agonist is still quite clumsy. The receptor...the ORL1 receptor , and the endogenous peptide that is an agonist at the receptor is...derives from the initial belief that this peptide acts in the opposite direction to the...
salt
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...angiotensin system and atrial natriuretic peptide . When the body is short of salt the...granules that contain atrial natriuretic peptide . As the name implies ( natrium ; sodium: ouron ; urine) this peptide causes natriuresis; that is, it acts...
peptides
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...there are only two amino acids then the peptide is a dipeptide . Similarly there are tripeptides...lengths, the breakage occurring at the peptide bonds. Peptides and amino acids are thus...functions. The body utilizes the same peptide for different purposes. This is true...
Proteins
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...adjacent amino acids. These bonds are called peptide bonds, and chains of only a few amino...linear sequence of amino acids in the peptide chain. Secondary and tertiary structures...quaternary association. Primary structure: peptide-chain synthesis Proteins are made...
protein
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...protein are united through covalent chemical linkages called peptide bonds. The amino acids, linked together, form linear unbranched...the amino acids that ultimately will be joined together by peptide bonds; initiation of the polypeptide chain at a cell orga
Rubella Test
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. ...presently recommending a second test, known as a synthetic peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This test screens...Giessauf, A., T. Letschka, G. Walder, et al. "A Synthetic Peptide ELISA for the Screening of Rubella Virus Neutralizing Antibodies...
Neurotransmitters
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders ...the brain called the cerebrum. Oxytocin: A short protein (peptide) that is released within the brain, ovary, and testes...during birth, and maternal behavior. Somatostatin: Another peptide, which is inhibitory to the secretion of growth hormone from...
gastrin
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...for tests of gastric acid secretion. A closely related sequence occurs in the brain–gut peptide cholecystokinin , and a similar peptide is also found in high concentrations in skin glands of certain amphibians, for example the South...

Dictionary entries related to "peptide"

natriuretic peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology natriuretic peptide Any of several peptide hormones that promote the excretion of sodium ions in the urine...natriuresis). The first to be discovered was atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which is produced by an upper chamber (atrium) of...
peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology peptide A linear molecule comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds . The simplest peptide is H 2 N.CH 2 .CO.NH.CH 2 .CO 2 H (glycylglycine).
peptide mapping
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology peptide mapping ( peptide fingerprinting ) The technique of forming two-dimensional patterns...of a protein followed by electrophoresis and chromatography. The peptide pattern (or fingerprint ) produced is characteristic for a particular...
peptide bond
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences peptide bond A chemical bond that links 2 or more...acids linked by such bonds, the resulting peptide is designated dipeptide (2 amino acids), tripeptide (3 amino acids), oligo-peptide (3–10 amino acids), or polypeptide...
C-peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing C-peptide n. a peptide (so-called because of its C shape) formed when insulin is produced from its precursor molecule, proinsulin. As it remains detectable in the plasma much longer than insulin, it can be more easily assayed as a marker of the degree of insulin secretion.
brain natriuretic peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing brain natriuretic peptide n. see BNP , natriuretic peptide .
atrial natriuretic peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP ; atrial natriuretic hormone ) A peptide hormone, produced by certain cells in the wall of the atrium of the heart, that promotes the excretion of sodium ions in the urine (i.e. natriuresis). Secretion of...
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology vasoactive intestinal peptide See VIP .
gastric inhibitory peptide
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition gastric inhibitory peptide ( GIP ); a hormone secreted by the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum in response to absorbed fat and carbohydrate which stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin . Also known as glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide.
protein
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition ...contain proteins; they are polymers of amino acids , joined by peptide bonds. The name was coined by the Dutch chemist Gerard Johann...a polymer of relatively few amino acids is referred to as a peptide (e.g. di‐, tri‐, and tetrapeptides...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Peptide length significantly influences in vitro affinity for MHC class II molecules.(Research)(major histocompatibility complex)(Report)
Magazine article from: Immunome Research; 11/26/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...between the classes is the open-ended peptide-binding groove of MHC class II molecules...to explain the observed differences in peptide length accommodated by the two classes...residues, although instances of longer peptide binding have now been reported [5...
Using peptide maps as identity and purity tests for lot release testing of recombinant therapeutic proteins
Magazine article from: Biopharm International; 4/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...critical issues related to the use of peptide maps as identity tests for proteins and...of that discussion are presented here. Peptide mapping plays an important role in the...of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Peptide maps are primarily used to establish product...
The C-peptide signaling.
Magazine article from: Experimental Diabetes Research; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...years an assumption was made that C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin biosynthesis...come to re-evaluate that notion. C-peptide either directly through interaction with...elucidate such molecular effects of C-peptide in different cell systems and tissues...
C-peptide, [Na.sup.+],[K.sup.+]-ATPase, and diabetes.
Magazine article from: Experimental Diabetes Research; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...activity was strongly related to blood C-peptide levels in non-insulin-treated patients (in whom C-peptide concentration reflects that of insulin...lower enzyme activity in patients with C-peptide deficiency either with type 1 or type...
Peptide-amphiphiles enhance the integrity of matrix-like biomaterials.
Newspaper article from: Drug Week; 7/11/2003; 700+ words ; ...NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Peptide-amphiphiles enhance the integrity of...incorporate extracellular matrix components. 'Peptide-amphiphiles', whereby monoalkyl hydrocarbon chains are covalently linked to peptide sequences, have been shown previously...
Peptide pride; Drug applications keep biotech company busy.(BUSINESS)
Newspaper article from: Telegram & Gazette (Worcester, MA); 3/6/2008; 700+ words ; ...GARDNER - The humming sound at New England Peptide LLC emanates from rows of machines painstakingly...necklace, link by link. New England Peptide, a supplier to life science researchers...said David W. Robinson, New England Peptide chief executive officer. The company...
Peptide applications for cardiovascular therapies.(Biochemicals & Kits)
Magazine article from: Bioscience Technology; 1/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; ...amp; Sullivan projected that the global peptide therapeutics market will be valued at...pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The peptide therapeutics market, according to Frost...pursuing the development of a variety of peptide-based technologies, peptide manufacturing...
The proinsulin C-peptide--a multirole model.
Magazine article from: Experimental Diabetes Research; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; The C-peptide links the insulin A and B chains in providing...impose significant constraints on the C-peptide structure that are conserved in evolution...cleavage of proinsulin, the intact C-peptide is stored with insulin in the soluble...
Candidates for Peptide Receptor Radiotherapy Today and in the Future
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nuclear Medicine; 1/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; Regulatory peptide receptors are overexpressed in numerous...more recently, to treat cancers with peptide receptor radiation therapy (PRRT...such radiotherapy on the basis of their peptide receptor content and discusses factors...
The peptide analogue of MCP-1 65-76 sequence is an inhibitor of inflammation (1).(Clinical report)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology; 3/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...to produce the potential MCP-1 peptide antagonist, and to investigate its...MCP-1 sequence was analyzed with Peptide Companion software and peptides were synthesized using Fmoc strategy. The peptide resistance to degradation was checked...