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Topics related to "oligarchy"

oligarchy
oligarchy [Gr.,=rule by the few], rule by a few members of a community or group. When referring to governments, the classical definition of oligarchy, as given for example by Aristotle, is of government by a few, usually the rich, for their own advantage. It is compared with both aristocracy , whi... Read more
Marino Faliero
Marino Faliero , 1274-1355, doge of Venice (1354-55). As commander of Venetian forces he defeated (1346) Louis I of Hungary at Zara, and later he held high diplomatic posts. Soon after his election as doge, the Genoese triumphed over the Venetians. The new doge, at odds with patricians who had insul... Read more
Arturo Alessandri
Arturo Alessandri , 1868-1950, president of Chile (1920-25, 1932-38). The 1920 presidential candidate of the Liberal Alliance, a coalition of all the enemies of the conservatives, Alessandri was elected on a reform platform. During his first administration, the conservatives were able to block most ... Read more
caudillo
caudillo , [Span.,= military strongman], type of South American political leader that arose with the 19th-century wars of independence. The first caudillos were often generals who, leading private armies, used their military might to achieve power in the newly independent states. Many were large lan... Read more
Milovan Djilas
Milovan Djilas , 1911-95, Yugoslav political leader and writer, b. Montenegro. A Communist party member from 1932, he helped Josip Broz Tito organize volunteers to fight in the Spanish civil war . He was active in the Yugoslav resistance in World War II and after the war rose to high posts in par... Read more
Manuel González Prada
Manuel González Prada , 1848-1918, Peruvian writer and political reformer, b. Lima. One of the most brilliant figures in Spanish American letters, he was a master of satire and invective. With apostolic zeal he took up the defense of the exploited indigenous people, and in his eloquent essays... Read more
Lysander
Lysander , d. 395 BC, Spartan naval commander and statesman. Toward the end of the Peloponnesian War he was made admiral and built up the Spartan fleet so that it defeated (407 BC) the Athenians off Notium. Later he was responsible for the capture (405 BC) of the Athenian fleet at the mouth of the... Read more
C. Wright Mills
C. Wright Mills 1916-62, American sociologist, b. Waco, Tex. He studied at the Univ. of Texas (A.B., M.A., 1939) and the Univ. of Wisconsin (Ph.D., 1942) and spent his academic career (1946-62) as a professor at Columbia Univ. A controversial figure, Mills advocated a comparative world sociology an... Read more
Tory
Tory , English political party. The term was originally applied to outlaws in Ireland and was adopted as a derogatory name for supporters of the duke of York (later James II) at the time (c.1679-1680) when the 1st earl of Shaftesbury was proposing the duke's exclusion from the succession because o... Read more
Alcibiades
Alcibiades , c.450-404 BC, Athenian statesman and general. Of the family of Alcmaeonidae, he was a ward of Pericles and was for many years a devoted attendant of Socrates. He turned to politics after the Peace of Nicias (421 BC), and during the Peloponnesian War he was the leader in agitating agai... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "oligarchy"

Oligarchy
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences ...democracy. Furthermore, oligarchies are not confined to national politics; oligarchies can also emerge in...of the politics of oligarchy is Political Parties...described. Instead, oligarchies have appeared as a...of the politics of oligarchy. There are several...
Oligarchy, Iron Law of
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences Oligarchy, Iron Law of Coined by...Parties , the Iron Law of Oligarchy refers to the inbuilt tendency...tended to become de facto oligarchies. In spite of their revolutionary...says organization, says oligarchy ” (Michels...
oligarchy
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition oligarchy [Gr.,=rule by the few], rule by...governments, the classical definition of oligarchy, as given for example by Aristotle...perspective, the major distinction between oligarchy and democracy is that in the latter...
Michels, Robert
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences ...formulated his famous “ iron law of oligarchy. ” During his early life...theory in the book, the iron law of oligarchy, caused considerable scholarly debate...definition of either the theory or the terms oligarchy or organization . On the most basic level...
Revolutions, Age of
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World ...Brabant). THE STRUGGLE AGAINST OLIGARCHY Palmer was certainly right to call...eighteenth-century struggles against oligarchies in various parts of Europe, but...opponents, the struggle against oligarchy took various forms. Geneva, whose...
Julio Argentino Roca
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...Argentine general and the leader of the oligarchy that held political control of Argentina...was elected president in 1880. Rule by Oligarchy Roca's administration ushered in a...Argentine history known as the "era of the oligarchy," which lasted until 1916. Its core...
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...been run for centuries by two small elite oligarchies. Fluharty saw these oligarchies as unwilling to give up their privileges or...but incorrectly predicted that the two rival oligarchies would never cooperate. The new military coup...
Robert Michels
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...Michels called this theory the "iron law of oligarchy," He is criticized for failing to define "oligarchy," which some of his adherents have equated...He often returned to the problem of oligarchy and democracy. Some critics describe...
Hipólito Irigoyen
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...united the country behind him in opposition to the landholding oligarchy; but unable to cope with Argentina's economic problems...1890 as a protest movement against the dominant rural-based oligarchy, Irigoyen joined the new group. He also followed Alem 2...
Elite Theory
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences ...x201C; political classes, ” “ oligarchies, ” “ aristocracies, ” etc...persuasion; and Michels saw the domination of “ oligarchies ” as the necessary outcome of large-scale organization...

Dictionary entries related to "oligarchy"

oligarchy
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...country, organization, or institution: the ruling oligarchy of military men around the president. ∎...governed by such a group: the English aristocratic oligarchy of the 19th century. ∎  government...
iron law of oligarchy
Book article from: A Dictionary of Sociology iron law of oligarchy See MICHELS , ROBERT; POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY .
Michels, Robert
Book article from: A Dictionary of Sociology ...formulated as an ‘iron law of oligarchy’, which states that ‘...delegators. Who says organizations says oligarchy.’ According to Michels...widespread awareness of the dangers of oligarchy itself. A host of other processes have...
El Salvador
Book article from: A Dictionary of Contemporary World History ...in 1821 was not overcome until 1903, when a newly created oligarchy of coffee-plantation owners came to monopolize power. This...suppressed by the military. Subsequently, the coffee-growing oligarchy relinquished its political power to the military in return...
Cycles
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...governments devolve in a specific order: monarchies fall into oligarchies, followed by tyrannies, and then democracies. This idea...succession: monarchical governments, tyrannies, aristocracies, oligarchies, democracies, and finally rule by the mob. The cycle would...
Democracy
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...value of the three governmental forms of a polis: monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy. Democracy promotes equality before the law...who are ignorant, incompetent, unstable, and violent. Oligarchy is equally unstable and violent, and both forms eventually...
Classicism
Book article from: A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture ...accurately, the second Palladian Revival) coincided with the arrival of the Hanoverian dynasty and the ascendancy of the Whig Oligarchy from 1714, and indeed Burlington's championship of Palladianism may have created a form of architectural continuity from...
PRI
Book article from: A Dictionary of Contemporary World History ...military, and the middle classes. Thus it created an outlet for the social concerns of these groups while enabling the party oligarchy to retain control over the competing sectors within the single movement. Under Alemán , the party was further reorganized...
Whigs
Book article from: A Dictionary of British History ...1714 and afterwards engineered the long‐term proscription of their Tory rivals. The resulting ‘Whig oligarchy’ achieved a hitherto unseen stability in political life over the next few decades, with power concentrated in...
thirty
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...imposed by Sparta on Athens at the end of the Peloponnesian War; their repressive rule was ended when Critias, leader of the oligarchy, was killed, and democracy restored. Thirty Years War a European war of 1618–48 which broke out between the...

Thesaurus entries related to "oligarchy"

establishment
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...foundation, institute.   4. ( the Establishment ) they dare to poke fun at the Establishment synonyms : the authorities, the powers that be, the system, the ruling class; the hierarchy, the oligarchy; informal Big Brother.

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

From Oligarchy to Oligarchy: The Structure of Russia's Ruling Elite.
Magazine article from: Demokratizatsiya; 6/22/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...argument about the structure of the Russian oligarchy, including the point that the relations...centuries, Russia today is ruled by a small oligarchy.(1) This statement does not mean...composition and structure of Russia's oligarchy. It has even led some keen observers...
Democracy or oligarchy? Regulating financial power.
Magazine article from: International Journal on World Peace; 6/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; ...relationship between democracy and oligarchy. It is a subject well known to Aristotle...decision. This is a clear example of oligarchy subverting democracy. The relationship between democracy and oligarchy was classically discussed by Aristotle...
Claims that oligarchy hides behind Polish constitution brings country "to Russian level" - senator.
Newspaper article from: Poland Business News; 9/4/2007; 571 words ; Claims that oligarchy hides behind Polish constitution brings...INTERFAX CENTRAL EUROPE - Poland is not an oligarchy and calling it so is bringing the country...I am irritated by the concept of an oligarchy because this is also a concept which...
Popular Government and Oligarchy in Renaissance Italy.(Lettere, 1487-1488, vol. 11)(Book review)
Magazine article from: Renaissance Quarterly; 12/22/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...Christine D. Shaw. Popular Government and Oligarchy in Renaissance Italy. The Medieval Mediterranean...states--the progression towards oligarchy--though basing herself on the city...she points out, popular government and oligarchy were not necessarily antagonistic nor...
Oligarchy with spanking new jackboots ; A european Union oligarchy is being created under our noses. Let not Europhile MEPs tell you their "parliament" is any kind of democracy - that is rubbish.
Newspaper article from: Western Morning News, The Plymouth (UK); 5/6/2008; 547 words ; A european Union oligarchy is being created under our noses...Parliament to a T. So what is an "oligarchy"? It is a far cry from a "democracy...the people, for the people. An "oligarchy" is the government of the many by...
Fine line dividing welcome for Bhutto and Pak military oligarchy's designs
News Wire article from: The Hindustan Times; 10/30/2007; 700+ words ; ...Oct. 30 -- The Pakistani military oligarchy and the ruling Pakistan Muslim League...long political fiefdom of the military oligarchy, comprising of religious parties, a...government, all, subservient to the oligarchy's rules of engagement and interest...
Guarding against real estate oligarchy
Newspaper article from: China Daily; 12/27/2005; ; 700+ words ; ...rise of the property oligarchies on the mainland. Coming...the Hong Kong property oligarchy have stepped up their...dominance of the property oligarchy as the rule of free...enterprise economics. But the oligarchy's sense of social responsibility...
IMPOSSIBLE TO HAVE OLIGARCHY IN NATIONAL COALITION, INDON LEGISLATOR SAYS.
News Wire article from: ANT - LKBN ANTARA (Indonesia); 8/26/2004; 635 words ; ...opinion, it is impossible to have an oligarchy in the national coalition because it...at creating a country governed by an oligarchy because it is absolutely irrelevant...democratic mechanism could not form an oligarchy, he said. "Since the control function...
Russia's oligarchy.(an oligarchy that has arisen during Boris Yeltsin's tenure in office)
Magazine article from: The Nation; 2/17/1997; ; 700+ words ; ...Russias godfathers.")This newly risen oligarchy, whose financial tentacles extend through...Soviet Communist Party rule, and the oligarchy loathe and fear me. They are already...stay on the right track." But Russias oligarchy knows that the "track" has now aroused...
U.S. MORE OLIGARCHY THAN DEMOCRACY.(Editorial)(Column)
Newspaper article from: Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Seattle, WA); 11/29/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...state of our democracy - or should we say oligarchy? I realize that sounds terribly undemocratic...Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary: Oligarchy: ol-i-gar-chy; noun; 1: government...percent few enough to qualify for an oligarchy? Historians will chastise me for using...