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Topics related to "mathematics"

mathematics
mathematics deductive study of numbers, geometry, and various abstract constructs, or structures; the latter often "abstract" the features common to several models derived from the empirical, or applied, sciences, although many emerge from purely mathematical or logical considerations. Mathemat... Read more
Antoine Augustin Cournot
Antoine Augustin Cournot , 1801-77, French mathematician and economist. He developed mathematical theories of chance and probability and was one of the first to attempt the application of mathematics to economic problems. His writings include Researches into the Mathematical Principles of the Theor... Read more
William Hopkins
William Hopkins 1793-1866, English geologist. Hopkins studied mathematics at Cambridge, and then supported himself as a private mathematics tutor. Many of England's best mathematicians and mathematical physicists of the time were his students. In his early forties he became interested in geology. H... Read more
proof
proof in mathematics, finite sequence of propositions each of which is either an axiom or follows from preceding propositions by one of the rules of logical inference (see symbolic logic ). Mathematical proofs are quite distinct from inductive, statistical, heuristic, analogical, and other types... Read more
Kurt Gödel
Kurt Gödel , 1906-78, American mathematician and logician, b. Brünn (now Brno, Czech Republic), grad. Univ. of Vienna (Ph.D., 1930). He came to the United States in 1940 and was naturalized in 1948. He was a member of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, until 1953, when he became ... Read more
tensor
tensor in mathematics, quantity that depends linearly on several vector variables and that varies covariantly with respect to some variables and contravariantly with respect to others when the coordinate axes are rotated (see Cartesian coordinates ). Tensors appear throughout mathematics, though... Read more
Isaac Barrow
Isaac Barrow 1630-77, English mathematician and theologian. His method of finding tangents prefigured the differential calculus developed by Isaac Newton. He was professor of mathematics at Cambridge from 1663 to 1669 and was succeeded by Newton. Barrow became master of Trinity College in 1672 and ... Read more
Arthur Cayley
Arthur Cayley , 1821-95, English mathematician. He was admitted to the bar in 1849. In 1863 he was appointed first Sadlerian professor of mathematics at Cambridge. His researches, which covered the field of pure mathematics, included especially the theory of matrices and the theory of invariants. Th... Read more
James Gregory
James Gregory 1638-75, Scottish mathematician. He invented a reflecting telescope (1661), which he described in his Optica promota (1663). In 1668 he became professor of mathematics at the Univ. of St. Andrews and, in 1674, professor of mathematics at the Univ. of Edinburgh. He originated a photo... Read more
Gottlob Frege
Gottlob Frege , 1848-1925, German philosopher and mathematician. He was professor of mathematics (1879-1918) at the Univ. of Jena. Frege was one of the founders of modern symbolic logic , and his work profoundly influenced Bertrand Russell. He claimed that all mathematics could be derived from pure... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "mathematics"

Mathematics
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS. In his "Mathematical Praeface" to the Elements of Euclid of...1527 – 1608) expounded on the importance and utility of mathematics to all fields of human endeavor. Field after field, he argued...
Mathematics Education, Teacher Preparation
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education MATHEMATICS EDUCATION, TEACHER PREPARATION Mathematics teachers are educated in diverse ways, depending to a...elementary level, most undergraduate students take two mathematics courses that are either part of the institution's core...
Mathematics disorder
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders Mathematics disorder Definition Mathematics disorder, formerly called developmental arithmetic disorder...understand word problems and mathematical concepts. Description Mathematics disorder was first described as a developmental disorder in...
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS Since its inception in 1920, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) has been dedicated to improving the teaching and learning of mathematics. NCTM has positioned itself as a leader...
mathematics
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition mathematics deductive study of numbers, geometry...mathematical or logical considerations. Mathematics is very broadly divided into foundations...analysis, geometry, and applied mathematics, which includes theoretical computer...
Mathematics and Statistics
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to United States History Mathematics and Statistics. Mathematics has been part of American higher education since the founding...had been founded that focused more on liberal education. The mathematics curriculum grew accordingly to include algebra, trigonometry...
Mathematics in the Social Sciences
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences Mathematics in the Social Sciences Methodologically...among the sciences is that they use mathematics as a language. Joseph Schumpeter...piqued by advances in the frontiers of mathematics and includes, besides calculus, linear...
Mathematics Learning
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education MATHEMATICS LEARNING algebra mitchell j. nathan...viewed as central for the advancement of mathematics and science. Algebra provides a succinct...problems, is often viewed as the bane of mathematics education. What Is Algebra? Abstract...
Correlation (Mathematics)
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Correlation (Mathematics) Correlation refers to the degree of correspondence or relationship between two variables. Correlated variables tend to change...
Smith, David Eugene (1860–1944)
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education ...1860 – 1944) Professor of mathematics at Teachers College, Columbia University...one of the founders of the field of mathematics education. Smith was born in Cortland...chance opportunity in 1884 to teach mathematics at the local normal school, where he...

Dictionary entries related to "mathematics"

Descartes: Mathematics and Physics.
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography Descartes: Mathematics and Physics. In this section, Descartes ’ s mathematics is discussed separately. The physics is discussed...in two subsections: Optics and Mechanics. Mathematics. The mathematics that served as model and...
Mathematics
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas MATHEMATICS. This article comprises a compact survey of the development of mathematics from ancient times until the early twentieth...ways. Arithmetic (as the later branch of mathematics became known) would have been one of them...
Hero of Alexandria: Mathematics.
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography Hero of Alexandria: Mathematics. The historical evaluation of Hero ’ s mathematics, like that of his mechanics, reflects the...x201C; decline ” of Greek mathematics after the third century b.c. His practically...
Leibniz: Mathematics
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography Leibniz: Mathematics Leibniz had learned simple computation...secondary schools, but his interest in mathematics was aroused by the numerous remarks...acquainted with all the essential areas of mathematics that he needed for his studies in...
mathematics
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...science of number, quantity, and space. Mathematics may be studied in its own right ( pure mathematics ), or as it is applied to other disciplines...such as physics and engineering ( applied mathematics ). ∎  [often treated...
discrete mathematics
Book article from: A Dictionary of Computing discrete mathematics A branch of mathematics dealing with finite sets and calculations (rather than infinite...important problems that may be regarded as part of discrete mathematics are finite sets (see set ), algorithms , graph theory...
Logic and Philosophy of Mathematics, Modern
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS, MODERN. This article surveys...in the logic and philosophy of mathematics from around 1800 up to recent times...logic as analytic knowledge (with mathematics as synthetically a priori), neither...
Bourbaki, Nicolas
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...intended to be a definitive survey of all of mathematics, or at least of all those parts of the...that in a traditional introduction to mathematics. In Bourbaki ’ s arrangement, mathematics begins with set theory, which is followed...
Brouwer, Luitzen Egbertus Jan
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...Blaricum, Netherlands, 2 December 1966) mathematics . Brouwer first showed his unusual intellectual...University of Amsterdam, where he studied mathematics until 1904. He quickly mastered the current mathematics, and, to the admiration of his professor...
Bliss, Gilbert Ames
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...d . Harvey, Illinois, 8 May 1961) mathematics . Gilbert Ames Bliss, the son of George...Gilbert, devoted his life to the study of mathematics. Although his scientific interests...represents a turning point in American mathematics. With his generation, American mathematics...

Thesaurus entries related to "mathematics"

mathematical
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...accurate, pinpoint, correct, careful, unerring. Branches of Mathematics algebra analysis applied mathematics arithmetic calculus combinatorics computational mathematics conics differential calculus foundations game theory geodesy geometry...
pure
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Thesaurus of Current English ...absolute, downright, out-and-out, complete, total, perfect, unmitigated, unqualified.   7. pure science of mathematics synonyms : theoretical, abstract, conceptual. antonyms: impure; dirty; adulterated; immoral.
foundation
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Thesaurus of Current English ...base, bottom, bedrock, substructure, substratum, understructure, underpinning.   2. lay the foundations of mathematics synonyms : basis, groundwork; principles, fundamentals, rudiments.   3. the foundation of the company synonyms...
elementary
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Thesaurus of Current English ...synonyms : easy, simple, straightforward, uncomplicated, rudimentary, facile, simplistic.   2. elementary mathematics synonyms : basic, fundamental, rudimentary, primary, preparatory, introductory. antonyms: complicated; advanced...
drop
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Thesaurus of Current English ...workforce synonyms : dismiss, discharge, let go; inf. sack, fire, boot out.   9. drops the second syllable in "mathematics" synonyms : omit, leave out, eliminate, elide, contract, slur. phrases: drop off   1. sales have dropped...
obfuscate
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...muddle, complicate, muddy, cloud, befog. antonym: clarify.   2. her work became more and more obfuscated by mathematics and jargon synonyms : bewilder, mystify, puzzle, perplex, confuse, baffle, confound, bemuse, befuddle, nonplus...
sum
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...beginning and end.   5. we did sums at school synonyms : (arithmetical) problem, calculation; ( sums ) arithmetic, mathematics, math, computation. phrase: sum up   1. one reviewer summed it up as “compelling” synonyms...
home
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...at ease, comfortable, relaxed, content; in one's element, on one's own turf.   3. he is at home with mathematics synonyms : confident with, conversant with, proficient in; used to, familiar with, au fait with, au courant with...
aptitude
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus aptitude • noun  an aptitude for higher mathematics synonyms : talent, gift, flair, bent, skill, knack, facility, ability, proficiency, capability, potential, capacity, faculty, genius.
till
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus ...spot cotton being quoted like other stocks in cents, halves, quarters, etc.’ ” ( School Science and Mathematics ; Apr. 1, 1997 [in which the sic appeared in the original source being quoted].) If a form deserves a sic , it's...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Mathematics Across Cultures: The History of Non-Western Mathematics
Magazine article from: Mathematics and Computer Education; 10/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; MATHEMATICS ACROSS CULTURES: THE HISTORY OF NON-WESTERN MATHEMATICS edited by Helaine Selin Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000, 479 pp. Mathematics Across Cultures is an exciting collection of papers on ethnomathematics and the history of non...
The relationship among mathematics anxiety, beliefs about mathematics, mathematics self-efficacy, and mathematics performance in associate degree nursing students.(NURSING EDUCATION RESEARCH)(Report)
Magazine article from: Nursing Education Perspectives; 7/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ABSTRACT This research explored nursing students' mathematics anxiety, beliefs about mathematics, and mathematics self-efficacy in relation to performance on a medication mathematics test. Results revealed...
Mathematics anxiety and learning styles: what is the relationship in elementary preservice teachers?
Magazine article from: School Science and Mathematics; 2/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...between elementary preservice teachers' mathematics anxiety levels and learning style preferences...of study. The subjects completed the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale and the Style Analysis...subscale was the only one related to mathematics anxiety at the p < .05 level of...
Mathematics majors' views on academic curriculum and career decisions.(Statistical Data Included)
Magazine article from: College Student Journal; 9/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...higher educational experiences of mathematics majors. Since the majority of this...negative academic-related concerns of mathematics majors. The sample consisted of both undergraduate and graduate mathematics majors (N=30) from The University...
Mathematics Autobiographies: A Window into Beliefs, Values, and Past Mathematics Experiences of Preservice Teachers.
Magazine article from: Academic Exchange Quarterly; 6/22/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...Abstract This paper explores the usage of a Mathematics Autobiography to investigate the beliefs...preservice teachers have had while learning mathematics in order to inform instruction. The...in students' experiences in learning mathematics: the role of the teacher; issues of...
Mathematics intervention for first- and second-grade students with mathematics difficulties: the effects of Tier 2 intervention delivered as booster lessons.(Report)
Magazine article from: Remedial and Special Education; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...students who were identified as having mathematics difficulties. A regression discontinuity...booster lessons for 18 weeks in early mathematics skills and concepts. Results showed...grade Tier 2 students on the Texas Early Mathematics Inventories-Progress Monitoring...
Mathematics: functional or not?
Magazine article from: Mathematics Teaching; 3/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; As I write this article, the mathematics education community is being asked...consider proposals for 'functional mathematics'. In this context, I am not...to ask the question 'What is mathematics?', but is my 2006 perspective...
Mathematics anxiety and mathematics teacher efficacy: what is the relationship in elementary preservice teachers?(Brief article)
Magazine article from: School Science and Mathematics; 11/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...study investigated the relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematics teacher efficacy among elementary preservice...southeastern United States who had just completed a mathematics methods course. Data sources included the Mathematics...
Mathematics communication: creating opportunities to learn. (Focus Issue: Communication)
Magazine article from: Teaching Children Mathematics; 2/1/1995; ; 700+ words ; The importance of mathematics communication that builds on the lives...opportunities to learn and explore mathematics, is the focus of this article. Carter G. Woodson (1933) argued that mathematics pedagogy built on the African American...
Mathematics anxiety and mathematical self-concept: considerations in preparing elementary-school teachers.(Report)
Magazine article from: Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal; 6/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; ...Lent, Brown, & Gore, 1997). Mathematics anxiety (Hembree, 1990; Ma, 1999...education programs on preservice teachers' mathematics anxiety and mathematical self-concept...does not depend on time or situation. Mathematics anxiety is a form of state anxiety as...