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Topics related to "hydrochloric"

chyme
chyme , semiliquid substance found in the stomach and resulting from the partial digestion of food by the salivary enzyme amylase, the gastric enzyme pepsin, and hydrochloric acid. Secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach makes the chyme strongly acidic. The rhythmic muscular action of the stom... Read more
phosgene
phosgene , colorless poison gas , first used during World War I by the Germans (1915). When dispersed in air, the gas has the odor of new-mowed hay. The gas is highly toxic; when inhaled it reacts with water in the lungs to form hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide. Because the upper respiratory t... Read more
antacid
antacid any one of several basic substances that counteract stomach acidity (see stomach ). Antacids are used by physicians to treat hyperchlorhydria, i.e., the excessive production of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells lining the stomach. Commonly used antacid preparations, most sold without... Read more
William Prout
William Prout 1785-1850, English chemist and physician. Prout's hypothesis, advanced in 1815-16, suggested that atomic weights of elements are multiples of that of hydrogen and that elements are formed by a condensation or grouping of hydrogen atoms. Later work on the determination of atomic weight... Read more
gastric juice
gastric juice thin, strongly acidic ( p H varying from 1 to 3), almost colorless liquid secreted by the glands in the lining of the stomach. Its essential constituents are the digestive enzymes pepsin and rennin (see rennet ), hydrochloric acid, and mucus. Pepsin converts proteins into simpler, ... Read more
solder
solder , metal alloy used in the molten state as a metallic binder. The type of solder to be used is determined by the metals to be united. Soft solders are commonly composed of lead and tin and have low melting points. Hard solders (i.e., silver solders) have high melting points and are suited for ... Read more
neutralization
neutralization chemical reaction, according to the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases , in which a water solution of acid is mixed with a water solution of base to form a salt and water; this reaction is complete only if the resulting solution has neither acidic nor basic properties. Such a sol... Read more
casein
casein , well-defined group of proteins found in milk, constituting about 80% of the proteins in cow's milk, but only 40% in human milk. Casein is a remarkably efficient nutrient, supplying not only essential amino acids, but also some carbohydrates and the inorganic elements calcium and phosphorus.... Read more
chlorine
chlorine [Gr.,=green], gaseous chemical element; symbol Cl; at. no. 17; at. wt. 35.453; m.p. -100.98°C; b.p. -34.6°C; density 3.2 grams per liter at STP; valence -1, +1, +3, +5, +7. Chlorine is a greenish-yellow poisonous gas with a disagreeable, suffocating odor; it is about two and one-ha... Read more
carbonate
carbonate , chemical compound containing the carbonate radical or ion , CO 3-2 . Most familiar carbonates are salts that are formed by reacting an inorganic base (e.g., a metal hydroxide ) with carbonic acid . Normal carbonates are formed when equivalent amounts of acid and base react; bicarb... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "hydrochloric"

hydrochloric acid
Book article from: World Encyclopedia hydrochloric acid Solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas in water. It is obtained...chlorination of hydrocarbons, or by combination of hydrogen and chlorine . Hydrochloric acid is used in industry and is produced by humans cells in the stomach...
Hydrogen Chloride
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...water to produce a solution called hydrochloric acid. Both substances have many important...pharmaceuticals, dyes, and synthetic rubber. Hydrochloric acid is found in most laboratories...acid. Because hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid are so closely related, they...
hydrogen chloride
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...produced is dissolved in water to form hydrochloric acid (see acids and bases ), a commercially...important chemical. Pure grades of hydrochloric acid are colorless, but technical...impurities such as dissolved metals. Most hydrochloric acid produced has a concentration of...
Chlorine
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...chlorine, primarily in the form of hydrochloric acid (HCl; stomach acid), sodium...chlorine ever made by humans was probably hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride gas dissolved...aqua regia (a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids) began to be used to dissolve...
Betaine Hydrochloride
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine ...C 5 H 12 NO 2 Cl) is a source of hydrochloric acid, a naturally occurring stomach...while individuals with low levels of hydrochloric acid had some bacterial colonization...hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria...
alimentary system
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...digestion of protein, and secretes hydrochloric acid, which destroys many microorganisms. Hydrochloric acid in gastric juice was identified...cells, the parietal cells , secrete hydrochloric acid. The concentration of hydrogen...
neutralization
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...place when a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, HCl, is mixed with a strong...dissolve in water. In the case of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen ions, H + , and chloride...the number of hydrogen ions in the hydrochloric acid solution is equal to the number...
Acids and bases
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...ion or the OH - ion (compounds like hydrochloric acid, HCl, or sodium hydroxide...called monoprotic . Examples include hydrochloric acid, HCl, and nitric acid, HNO...bases Acid Name Use Base Name Use HCI hydrochloric acid cleaning, drugs, plastics NaOH...
chlorine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...consists of a mixture of chlorine, hydrochloric acid, and hypochlorous acid; only...Chlorine can also be prepared from hydrochloric acid by oxidation of the hydrogen chloride...petroleum refining, and to prepare pure hydrochloric acid (see hydrogen chloride ).
Dissociation
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...almost completely dissociated (such as table salt, NaCl, or hydrochloric acid, HCl) conducts electricity very well. The ability...a solution. The dissociation of a strong acid (such as hydrochloric acid, HCl) is essentially 100%. HCI → H...

Dictionary entries related to "hydrochloric"

hydrochloric acid
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology hydrochloric acid A strong acid, HCl, that is produced by oxyntic cells in the wall of the stomach and forms a constituent of gastric juice . Hydrochloric acid is required for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin in the lumen...
Bensley, Robert Russell
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...mechanism of the gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid. Bensley pioneered in the study...x201C; Upon the Formation of Hydrochloric Acid in the Foveolae and on the Surface...Harvey; “ The Formation of Hydrochloric Acid on the Free Surface and Not in...
Harkins, William Draper
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...attempted in 1916, but greater success was obtained with hydrochloric acid in 1919 when 10,000 liters were processed. In February...the diffusion process he could obtain mass differences for hydrochloric acid of one part in 645. Subsequent studies with mercury...
siderite
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...mineral in hydrothermal veins together with other metallic ores (e.g. pyrite , chalcopyrite , and galena ) and as a replacement mineral in limestone ; dissolves slowly in cold, dilute hydrochloric acid, which effervesces when warmed.
achlorhydria
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing achlorhydria (ay-klor- hy -driă) n. absence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It is sometimes associated with pernicious anaemia.
peel technique
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...used extensively in carbonate sedimentology and palaeontological work. Calcareous material is etched in a weak solution of hydrochloric acid and differences in relief are produced. After washing, the surface is flooded with acetone, and polyvinylacetate...
phloroglucin
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences phloroglucin A dye that, with hydrochloric acid, stains lignin bright red.
gastric secretion
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition ...enzymes chymosin (in infants) and lipase, the inactive precursor of pepsin (pepsinogen), intrinsic factor , mucin, and hydrochloric acid. The acid is secreted by the parietal cells at a strength of 0.16 mol/L (0.5–0.6...
manganite
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...conditions in which there is an oxygen deficiency, and in low-temperature hydrothermal veins in association with barite and goethite ; soluble in hydrochloric acid with the evolution of chlorine. It is often used in steel-making.
hypochlorhydria
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing hypochlorhydria (hy-poh-klor- hy -driă) n. reduced secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach. See achlorhydria .

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Hydrochloric acid supply is excessive.
Magazine article from: China Chemical Reporter; 9/26/2005; 700+ words ; Hydrochloric acid is the biggest chlorine-consuming...second quarter 2005, the price of hydrochloric acid has also started a slow downturn...Increasing output in HI China has around 300 hydrochloric acid producers today. Over 200 of...
CHINA'S PRODUCTION OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID RISES 10.3% JAN-OCT.
News Wire article from: AsiaPulse News; 12/28/2004; 700+ words ; ...China produced 4.96 million tons of hydrochloric acid, up 10.3 per cent year-on...is expected that the production of hydrochloric acid in 2004 will exceed 6 million...has promoted the rapid development of hydrochloric acid production. Last year, the country...
Truck spills hydrochloric acid, closes U.S. 35: ; Nearby residents asked to stay inside following wreck
Newspaper article from: Charleston Daily Mail; 5/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...wrecked chemical tanker truck leaking hydrochloric acid in Mason County caused authorities...response team were able to fix the hydrochloric acid leak, Stricklen said. Authorities...rolled over, a small line carrying hydrochloric acid broke. Hazardous materials workers...
IV hydrochloric acid for bacterial infections.(Letter to the Editor)
Magazine article from: Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients; 10/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; This is to report on intravenous hydrochloric acid infusions, one part per 1,000...when an IV of 10 cc of one in 1,000 hydrochloric acid is given, there is almost at...treated with 10 cc of one in 1,000 hydrochloric acid suffered from an infected gunshot...
Hydrochloric Acid Market Firms As Producers Seek Price Increases.(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Chemical Market Reporter; 12/27/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...chlorine arc contributing to higher hydrochloric acid (HCI) prices. In addition...down merchant supplies of HCI. The hydrochloric acid market started the year on the...the tightening market conditions, hydrochloric producers have announced increases...
HYDROCHLORIC ACID PRICE LIKELY TO RISE IN CHINA.
News Wire article from: AsiaPulse News; 8/8/2008; 671 words ; ...BEIJING, Aug 8 Asia Pulse - The price of hydrochloric acid in China is likely to surge in...a key raw material for producing hydrochloric acid, saw its price rise 33 per cent...hikes have also added cost burdens to hydrochloric acid producers. The output of hydrochloric...
Preparation of Enriched Cerium Oxide from Bastnasite with Hydrochloric Acid by Two-Step Leaching
Magazine article from: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions; 4/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...calcine was first leached with diluted hydrochloric acid, which resulted in a sludge with...further leached with a concentrated hydrochloric acid, adding hydrogen peroxide as...suggested as follows: first, the hydrochloric acid concentration, the leaching temperature...
Route upgrades hydrochloric acid
Magazine article from: Chemical Engineering Progress; 11/1/1999; ; 386 words ; ...recently to design an innovative new system that converts industrial-grade hydrochloric acid into ultra-high-purity hydrochloric acid. The Ultra High Purity Hydrochloric Acid system, developed initially for Koch Microelectronic Service Co...
Hydrochloric acid spill closes U.S. 35, causes shelter-in-place
Newspaper article from: Charleston Gazette; 5/2/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...com PLINY - A tanker truck spilled hydrochloric acid after jackknifing and crashing...S. Department of Transportation. Hydrochloric acid, or hydrogen chloride, is a...and pigment for paints. Exposure to hydrochloric acid can cause circulatory collapse...
Synergy Renewable Resources Inc. Announces Completion Of Design, Testing And Initial Construction Of Its Hydrochloric Acid Recovery System.
PR Newswire; 9/24/1998; 700+ words ; ...construction phase of its proprietary hydrochloric acid recovery system. Branded the...problem of economically regenerating hydrochloric acid which has been depleted by its...Chief Operating Officer, stated ``Hydrochloric acid is the agent of choice in much...