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Covenanters
Covenanters , in Scottish history, groups of Presbyterians bound by oath to sustain each other in the defense of their religion. The first formal Covenant was signed in 1557, signaling the beginning of the Protestant effort to seize power in Scotland. It was renewed thereafter at times of crisis, mo...
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Covenanters
Covenanters , in Scottish history, groups of Presbyterians bound by oath to sustain each other in the defense of their religion. The first formal Covenant was signed in 1557, signaling the beginning of the Protestant effort to seize power in Scotland. It was renewed thereafter at times of crisis, mo...
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Robert Leighton
Robert Leighton 1611-84, Scottish prelate and classical scholar. After several years in France, where he seems to have developed an admiration for the Jansenists, he became (1641) a Presbyterian minister in Midlothian and signed the Covenant in 1643 (see Covenanters ). A noted preacher, he was mad...
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James Sharp
James Sharp 1613-79, Scottish prelate. As a Presbyterian minister, Sharp became (1650) a leader of the moderate wing of the Scottish church called the Resolutioners. He was captured (1651) by Oliver Cromwell's forces and imprisoned until 1652. Sent (1657) to London to represent the interests of the...
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Donald Cargill
Donald Cargill 1619?-1681, Scottish Covenanter . He was a minister in Glasgow from c.1655 until 1662, when he was expelled for denouncing the Restoration and resisting the establishment of the episcopacy in Scotland. After escaping wounded from the battle of Bothwell Bridge (1679), he joined Richa...
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Stranraer
Stranraer , town (1991 pop. 10,766), Dumfries and Galloway, SW Scotland, at the head of Loch Ryan. A fishing port, it has a prosperous trade with Northern Ireland. Food processing is an industry. Viscount Dundee occupied the 15th-century castle while suppressing Covenanters in Galloway in 1682. Nort...
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Richard Cameron
Richard Cameron kăm´eren , 1648-1680, Scottish leader of the Cameronians, an extreme group of Covenanters . In 1672, under the influence of the open-air preacher John Welch, he became a Covenanter preacher and was known for his eloquence. Strongly opposing the measures aimed at reestabl...
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John Graham of Claverhouse Dundee, 1st Viscount
John Graham of Claverhouse Dundee, 1st Viscount , 1649?-1689, Scottish soldier, known as Bonnie Dundee. After service abroad under William of Orange (later William III of England), he returned (1678) to Scotland to help in the suppression of the Covenanters , a task to which he devoted himself for ...
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Alexander Leslie Leven, 1st earl of
Alexander Leslie Leven, 1st earl of , 1580?-1661, Scottish general. He served in the Swedish army some 30 years, being knighted by Gustavus II and fighting in the Thirty Years War. Returning to Scotland in 1638, he led the army of the Covenanters in the Bishops' Wars . Charles I made him earl in ...
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Dundee
Dundee city (1991 pop. 172,294) and council area, E central Scotland, on the Firth of Tay. It is a port and manufacturing city. Dundee is historically known for its manufacture and processing of jute. Its marmalade is also famous. Textiles, including canvas, linen, rope, and carpet, remain economic...
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