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Topics related to "carbonyl"

carbonyl group
carbonyl group , in chemistry, functional group that consists of an oxygen atom joined by a double bond to a carbon atom. The carbon atom is joined to the remainder of the molecule by two single bonds or one double bond. If the carbonyl group is joined only to alkyl groups or aryl groups , the ... Read more
Ludwig Mond
Ludwig Mond 1839-1909, chemist; father of Alfred Moritz Mond. He was born in Germany and became a naturalized British subject. Mond experimented with alkalies and also developed a producer gas known by his name. He was cofounder and director of Brunner-Mond (1872), which became the world's largest ... Read more
ketone
ketone , any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group , C[symbol]O, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR′, where R and R′ are alkyl or aryl groups. The simplest ketone, where R and R′ are me... Read more
aldehyde
aldehyde [ al cohol + New Lat. dehydrogenatus =dehydrogenated], any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group , and in which the carbonyl group is bonded to at least one hydrogen; the general formula for an aldehyde is RCHO, where R is hydrogen or an alkyl or a... Read more
carboxyl group
carboxyl group , in chemistry, functional group that consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl group , OH, by a single bond. Carboxylic acids are compounds whose molecules contain a carboxyl group that is joined to a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group , or ... Read more
radical
radical in chemistry, group of atoms that are joined together in some particular spatial structure and that take part in most chemical reactions as a single unit. Important inorganic radicals include ammonium, NH 4 ; carbonate, CO 3  ; chlorate, ClO 3 , and perchlorate, ClO 4  ; cyani... Read more
DNA
DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) was discovered in the late 1800s, but its role as the material of heredity was not elucidated for fifty years after that. It occupies a central and critical role in the cell as the genetic information in which all the information required to duplicate and maintain th... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "carbonyl"

Carbonyl group
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Carbonyl group A carbonyl group in chemistry is a group of atoms that consists of a carbon...to two other atoms. The simplest type of molecule that contains a carbonyl group is a ketone. Other types of molecules that contain carbonyl...
carbonyl group
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition carbonyl group , in chemistry, functional group...single bonds or one double bond. If the carbonyl group is joined only to alkyl groups or...electron-rich; the carbon atom of the carbonyl group thus becomes electron-deficient...
Aldehydes
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...organic chemical compounds that contain a carbonyl group (in which a carbon atom is double...carbon (the central carbon atom in the carbonyl group). Aldehydes are similar to ketones, which also contain a carbonyl group. In the aldehydes, however...
Ludwig Mond
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...outstanding discovery of his was nickel carbonyl, a gas formed from carbon monoxide and...extracting nickel from its ores by use of this carbonyl. In the process, carbon monoxide passing...containing nickel produces the volatile nickel carbonyl; this is decomposed to yield metallic...
Ester
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...central carbon atom that has two bonds to an oxygen atom (the carbonyl group), C=O, a single bond to another carbon atom represented...central carbon atom that has two bonds to an oxygen atom (the carbonyl group), C=O, a bond to a carbon atom connected to three...
Carboxyl group
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...oxygen atoms). The name carboxyl is actually a combination of the words carbonyl and hydroxyl, since the carboxyl group itself can be considered as a combination of carbonyl (CO) and hydroxyl (OH) groups. Carboxyl groups are reactive. They...
ketone
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ketone , any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group , C[symbol]O, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR&prime...
carboxyl group
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...group. A fourth type involves the loss of carbon dioxide (decarboxylation). The second and third types are similar to reactions of the carbonyl group ; the carboxyl group may be thought of as a carbonyl group joined to a hydroxyl group.
aldehyde
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...New Lat. dehydrogenatus =dehydrogenated], any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group , and in which the carbonyl group is bonded to at least one hydrogen; the general formula for an aldehyde is RCHO, where R is...
Emil Fischer
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...and isolating sugars. Through the use of phenyl hydrazine and its derivatives, he discovered the presence in sugars of the carbonyl group (=CO). By 1884 he was able to produce crystalline derivatives with various sugars; hitherto, these derivatives...

Dictionary entries related to "carbonyl"

carbonyl
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...amides, and esters, and in organic acids as part of the carboxyl group: carbonyl compounds. ∎  a coordination compound in which one...molecules are bonded as neutral ligands to a central metal atom: nickel carbonyl.
Mond, Ludwig
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...gas plant; and the discovery of nickel carbonyl, which led to a new process for extracting...monoxide under gentle heat to form nickel carbonyl Ni(CO) 4 , which on thermal decomposition...1889), 505 – 510; on nickel carbonyl and nickel extraction, “ On...
ketone
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology ketone Any one of a group of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group (>C=O) linked to two hydrocarbon groups. The ketone group is a carbonyl group with two single bonds to other carbon atoms (–CO–...
Alder, Kurt
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...dienophiles (compounds having a double bond activated by nearby carbonyl or carboxyl groups). A simple example is the addition of...provided the double bond was properly activated by nearby carbonyl, carboxyl, cyano, or nitro groups. Unsaturated compounds...
Popov, Aleksandr Nikiforivich
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...radicals form the following order in their affinity for the former carbonyl group: C 6 H 5 and R 3 C > CH 3 > RCH 2 > R...alkyl) — and that in the oxidization of ketones the carbonyl group remains joined to the most stable radical . G . G . Wagner...
Ciamician, Giacomo Luigi
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...discovered were the reciprocal oxidation-reduction of alcohols and carbonyl compounds, the hydrolysis of cyclic ketones into fatty acids...unsaturated aldehydes, the condensation of hydrocyanic acid with carbonyl compounds, the polymerization of unsaturated compounds, and...
zwitterion
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences ...isoelectric point (i.e. the pH at which they are electrically neutral) usually exist in this form, when the amino group is protonated (−NH 1 3 ) and the carbonyl (CO) group dissociated (−COO − ).
Chancel, Gustav Charles Bonaven-Ture
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...aldehydes and ketones: Chancel collaborated often with Gerhardt. In 1852 they proposed that the sulfonyl group could replace the carbonyl group and announced the preparation of benzenesulfonyl chloride from benzoyl chloride. Chancel helped to confirm Gerhardt...
Fischer, Emil Hermann
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...He then found that it formed not only the hydrazone with carbohydrates but also attacked the hydroxyl group adjacent to the carbonyl group. He called these compounds osazones. The osazones were also crystalline solids and thus were useful in the identification...
Friend, John Albert Newton
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...able to save enough to enroll in 1906 at the University of Wurzburg. There under Wilhelm Manchot he carried out research on carbonyl derivatives of cuprous salts, for which he was awarded the Ph.D. in 1908. In September 1908 Friend was appointed lecturer...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Carbonyl emissions from commercial cooking sources in Hong Kong.
Magazine article from: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association; 8/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...to be an abundant carbonyl in the cooking exhaust...acrolein to the total carbonyls was found to be...to the estimated carbonyl emissions from vehicular...as a source for carbonyls in Hong Kong. INTRODUCTION...Methodology for Carbonyl Determination In...method, airborne carbonyls are ...
The carbonyl content of specific plasma proteins is decreased by dietary copper deficiency in rats
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 9/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...DNP)-reactive carbonyl groups, has been...increase in protein carbonyls occurs rapidly...accumulation of protein carbonyl groups occurred...Measurement of protein carbonyls has also been used...hypothesized increase in carbonyl content, and it...analysis of protein carbonyls in
Concentrations and source characteristics of airborne carbonyl compounds measured outside urban residences.
Magazine article from: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association; 8/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...analysis of ambient air concentrations of 10 carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) measured...concentrations for most of the measured carbonyl compounds on warmer days, reflecting...varied substantially across the measured carbonyl compounds and could be as high as 60...
Carbonyl compounds and toxicity assessments of emissions from a diesel engine running on biodiesels.(TECHNICAL PAPER)(Report)
Magazine article from: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association; 2/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; ...content. The dominant carbonyls (formaldehyde...70 to 90% of all carbonyl emissions in the...associated with greater carbonyl emissions in diesel...indicating that the carbonyls may not be the major...and 2-6.4% carbonyl compounds. Sawant...the median (total carbonyls to total ...
Determination of Carbonyl Group Content in Plasma Proteins as a Useful Marker to Assess Impairment in Antioxidant Defense in Patients with Eales' Disease.(Original Article)(Clinical report)
Magazine article from: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology; 3/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...Ramakrishnan Purpose: Formation of protein carbonyl groups is considered an early biomarker...recruited for the study. Plasma protein carbonyl groups,plasma glutathione (GSH) superoxide...erythrocytes. Results: Plasma protein carbonyl content was elevated by a factor of 3...
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY ON SMALL ANIONIC COPPER-CARBONYL CLUSTERS
Magazine article from: Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications; 1/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...accepted that the carbonyl bond (M-CO) in transition-metal carbonyls is mainly formed...thermally stable carbonyl clusters made from...series of Cu-carbonyls. Here we report...the smallest Cu-carbonyl aggregates namely...
China's first-ever carbonyl nickel production line accepted by the State at Jinchuan Group.
Newspaper article from: China Business News; 12/23/2003; 700+ words ; China's first-ever carbonyl nickel production line accepted by...two special research programs, a carbonyl nickel refining process and a nickel...to Ma, Jinchuan Group, using the carbonyl nickel refining process, built the...
Carbonyl groups past and present.(Letter to the editor)
Magazine article from: Townsend Letter: The Examiner of Alternative Medicine; 5/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...microbial properties. Quinones are carbonyl group molecules with a wide range of...free radical-scavenging capability. Carbonyl group molecules like quinones play an...chemical reactions that involve or produce a carbonyl group as an intermediary or as an end...
New York Inventor Develops Metal Carbonyl Precursor Purifying System
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 11/27/2007; 533 words ; ...Guilderland, N.Y., has developed a metal carbonyl precursor purifying system. According...for purifying and delivering a metal carbonyl precursor utilized to process a substrate...The method includes providing the metal carbonyl precursor containing un-reacted metal...
New York Inventors Develop Metal Carbonyl Precursor Refurbishment System
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 4/14/2008; 522 words ; ...Ossining, N.Y., have developed a metal carbonyl precursor refurbishing method According...method and system for refurbishing a metal carbonyl precursor. The method includes providing...vaporization system containing a metal carbonyl precursor containing un-reacted and...