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Topics related to "benzene"

benzene
benzene , colorless, flammable, toxic liquid with a pleasant aromatic odor. It boils at 80.1°C and solidifies at 5.5°C. Benzene is a hydrocarbon , with formula C 6 H 6 . The simplest picture of the benzene molecule, proposed by the German chemist Friedrich Kekulé (1865), is a hexagon... Read more
phenyl
phenyl , C 6 H 5 , organic free radical or alkyl group derived from benzene by removing one hydrogen atom. ... Read more
naphthalene
naphthalene , colorless, crystalline, solid aromatic hydrocarbon with a pungent odor. It melts at 80°C, boils at 218°C, and sublimes upon heating. It is insoluble in water, somewhat soluble in ethanol, soluble in benzene, and very soluble in ether, chloroform, or carbon disulfide. Naphthalen... Read more
aromatic compound
aromatic compound any of a large class of compounds that includes benzene and compounds that resemble benzene in certain of their chemical properties. Originally applied to a small class of pleasant-smelling chemicals derived from vegetables, it now encompasses a wide diversity of compounds with ... Read more
nitrobenzene
nitrobenzene C 6 H 5 NO 2 , very poisonous, flammable, pale yellow, liquid aromatic compound with an odor like that of bitter almonds. It is sometimes called oil of mirbane or nitrobenzol. Nitrobenzene melts at 5.85°C, boils at 210.9°C, is only slightly soluble in water, but is very soluble... Read more
phenol
phenol , C 6 H 5 OH, a colorless, crystalline solid that melts at about 41°C, boils at 182°C, and is soluble in ethanol and ether and somewhat soluble in water. An aromatic alcohol , it exhibits weak acidic properties and is corrosive and poisonous. Phenol is sometimes called carbolic acid,... Read more
coal tar
coal tar product of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal. Coal tar can be distilled into many fractions to yield a number of useful organic products, including benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene. These substances, called the coal-tar crudes, form the star... Read more
buckminsterfullerene
buckminsterfullerene or buckyball, C 60 , hollow cage carbon molecule named for R. Buckminster Fuller because of the resemblance of its molecular structure to his geodesic domes. Although buckminsterfullerene (C 60 ) was originally detected in soot in 1985, isolation was first reported in 1... Read more
cyclic compound
cyclic compound any one of a class of compounds whose molecules contain a number of atoms bonded together to form a closed chain or ring. If all of the atoms that form the ring are carbon, the compound is said to be carbocyclic; if not, the compound is called heterocyclic. Cyclohexane and benzene a... Read more
paraffin
paraffin white, more-or-less translucent, odorless, tasteless, waxy solid. It melts between 47°C and 65°C and is insoluble in water but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters. Paraffin is unaffected by most common chemical reagents but burns readily in air. Obtained from petroleum du... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "benzene"

Benzene
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Benzene Benzene is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 6 . Credit...English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday (1791 – 1867). Benzene is a clear, colorless, highly flammable liquid with a pronounced characteristic...
benzene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition benzene , colorless, flammable, toxic liquid with a...deg;C and solidifies at 5.5°C. Benzene is a hydrocarbon , with formula C 6 H 6 . The simplest picture of the benzene molecule, proposed by the German chemist Friedrich...
benzene hexachloride
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition benzene hexachloride see insecticides .
dimethyl benzene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition dimethyl benzene see xylene .
1,2,3-trihydroxy- benzene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 1,2,3-trihydroxy- benzene IUPAC name for pyrogallol. See gallic acid .
Phenyl Group
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...organic molecule that is derived from a benzene molecule, C 6 H 6 , by removal of a hydrogen atom. The term phenyl is used when a benzene ring is connected to a chain of six or...the compound is named as a substituted benzene. The phenyl group can be abbreviated...
aryl group
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition aryl group , in chemistry, group of atoms derived from benzene or from a benzene derivative by removing one hydrogen that is bonded to the benzene ring (see radical ). The simplest aryl group is phenyl, C 6 H 5 &thinsp...
nitrobenzene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...but is very soluble in ethanol, ether, and benzene. It is prepared by treating benzene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids...resulting nitration reaction, one hydrogen in the benzene molecule is replaced with a nitro group, NO...
pyridine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...heterocyclic aromatic tertiary amine (see under amino group ). Its molecule resembles that of benzene, one carbon-hydrogen unit in the benzene ring being replaced with a nitrogen molecule. It is miscible with water and with most organic solvents...
naphthalene
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...insoluble in water, somewhat soluble in ethanol, soluble in benzene, and very soluble in ether, chloroform, or carbon disulfide...solvents. The molecular structure of naphthalene is that of two benzene rings fused together with two adjacent carbon atoms common...

Dictionary entries related to "benzene"

benzene
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology benzene aromatic liquid hydrocarbon XIX. f. BENZOIC acid, whence it is derived; earlier benzine (now used for a mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons). So benzol (esp. unrefined) benzene.
benzene ring
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ben·zene ring • n. Chem. the hexagonal unsaturated ring of six carbon atoms present in benzene and many other aromatic molecules.
Erlenmeyer, Richard August Carl Emil
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...many organic substances. He immediately adopted Kekule ’ s ring structure for benzene and proposed the modern naphthalene formula of two benzene rings with two carbon atoms in common. In 1880 he formulated what is known as the Erlenmeyer...
Diels, Otto Paul Hermann
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...chemistry of natural substances. The investigation of these substances corresponded in importance to the discovery of the benzene ring for organic chemistry. The structure and behavior of the sex hormones, the saponins, the cardiac glycosides (digitoxin...
Fittig, Rudolph
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...him to extend the studies begun by Wurtz on the reaction of sodium with organic halogen compounds. The action of sodium on benzene halides led Fittig to the discovery of a number of homologous aromatic compounds, including biphenyl. This reaction is known...
Groth, Paul Heinrich von
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...of crystals of each end member in solution with the other. Systematic measurements of the influences on the crystal form of benzene derivatives with the substitution of hydroxyl, nitro, and ammonia groups, or halides or alkali metals led Groth to call...
Ipatiev, Vladimir Nikolaevich
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...catalysts for processes that found wide application in the petrochemical industry and often bore his name: (1) the synthesis of benzene polymers from the gas by-products of cracking by means of “ solid phosphoric acid ” ; (2) the dehydrogenation...
Kraus, Charles August
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...Clark and Brown concerned the electrical properties of substances dissolved in solvents of very low dielectric constant such as benzene, dioxane, and ethylene dichloride. Of particular interest are his studies of large anions and cations, which have led to...
Landolt, Hans Heinrich
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...compound. In 1870 Gladstone shoed that Landolt ’ s values yielded erroneous results with such unsaturated compounds as benzene and the terpenes. Further work by Landolt ’ s student Julius Wilhelm Bu ü hl showed that molecular refractivity...
pheno-
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English pheno- (also phen- before a vowel) • comb. form 1. Chem. derived from benzene: phenobarbital. 2. showing: phenotype.

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Benzene 2010 World Market Outlook And Forecast Been Recently Published by MarketPublishers.com.(Industry overview)
Business Wire; 1/28/2010; 700+ words ; LONDON -- Benzene demand in Europe declined essentially...recession affects the derivative performance. Benzene supply and pricing in Europe will continue...choose cheaper and lighter feeds, reducing benzene production and pressuring prices upwards...
Benzene plaintiff seeks High Court review, puts chemical in the spotlight.
Magazine article from: Trial; 6/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...died from cancer after he was exposed to benzene at work is taking her husband's case...can sue only after they get sick. Many benzene victims don't become ill for years after...impossible. Jack Cline was exposed to benzene at his factory job for a company that...
Improve benzene production from refinery sources: a new cracking route reduces cost of benzene while coproducing ethylene. (Process Technology-Petrochemical).
Magazine article from: Hydrocarbon Processing; 4/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; Benzene is the building block for several major...alkylate high-purity (99.9 wt%) benzene with ethylene to form ethylbenzene (EB...for styrene monomer (SM). Similarly, benzene can be alkylated with propylene to form...
Pure benzene capacity expands.(Special Report)
Magazine article from: China Chemical Reporter; 4/6/2004; ; 700+ words ; Pure benzene is a basic organic raw material. It is...octane number of gasoline. 1. Production Benzene resources in China came entirely from...before 1965. Production of petroleum benzene started only in 1965. With the completion...
Benzene in soft drinks.
M2 Presswire; 4/13/2006; 700+ words ; M2 PRESSWIRE-13 April 2006-US FDA: Benzene in soft drinks(C)1994-2006 M2 COMMUNICATIONS...steps FDA is taking in response to reports that benzene has been found in some soft drinks. Benzene, a carcinogen, is found in the environment...
Reportlinker Adds World Benzene Market Report.
Business Wire; 3/24/2009; 700+ words ; ...research report is available in its catalogue. World Benzene Market http://www.reportlinker.com/p098306/World-Benzene-Market.html This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Benzene in Thousands of Metric Tons. The specific end...
Annual benzene growth will be 4.5% through 1993, says new market study.
Magazine article from: Hydrocarbon Processing; 11/1/1989; ; 700+ words ; Annual benzene growth will be 4.5% through 1993, says new market study Despite lower growth for benzene derivatives over the five-year period out to 1993, operating rates on benzene producing units will increase steadily to...
Mechanisms of benzene-induced hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity: cDNA microarray analyses using mouse bone marrow tissue.(Toxicogenomics)
Magazine article from: Environmental Health Perspectives; 8/15/2003; ; 700+ words ; Although the mechanisms underlying benzene-induced toxicity and leukemogenicity...marrow tissue during and after a 2-week benzene exposure by inhalation. Our goal was...hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity induced by benzene at the level of altered multigene expression...
NEW BENZENE LIMITS AIM TO CUT INDUSTRIAL RELEASES BY 90 PERCENT
Newspaper article from: Post-Tribune (IN); 9/1/1989; 700+ words ; ...1989, A3 A story Friday should have said benzene emissions from Bethlehem Steel Corp...Harbor plant are relatively low because benzene is burned as a fuel. The mill does not...final cooler system to capture the waste benzene. The federal government issued tighter...
Mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia elucidated.
Newspaper article from: Medical Devices & Surgical Technology Week; 8/8/2004; 700+ words ; ...NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- The mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia has been elucidated. According...chronic lymphocytic leukemia are associated with benzene exposure. In mice, benzene induces chromosomal breaks as a primary mode of...