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Topics related to "barbiturate"

barbiturate
barbiturate , any one of a group of drugs that act as depressants on the central nervous system . High doses depress both nerve and muscle activity and inhibit oxygen consumption in the tissues. In low doses barbiturates act as sedatives , i.e., they have a tranquilizing effect; increased doses ... Read more
hypnotic drugs
hypnotic drugs drugs that induce sleep, sometimes called soporifics. In general, hypnotics are central nervous system depressants . Alcohol, laudanum (see opium ), bromide salts, and herbs such as valerian have been used as hypnotics. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed... Read more
sleeping pill
sleeping pill a pill containing medication that induces sleep. Benzodiazepines such as temazepam (Restoril) and triazolam (Halcion) have for the most part replaced barbiturates as drugs of choice for insomnia. Imidaopyridines, such as zolpidem tartrate, are also sometimes used for short-term tr... Read more
depressant
depressant any one of various substances that diminish functional activity, usually by depressing the nervous system . Barbiturates , sedatives , alcohol, and meprobamate are all depressants. Depressants have various modes of action and effects. Some are primarily used medically to relieve emo... Read more
meprobamate
meprobamate , tranquilizing drug that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system and is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety and sometimes schizophrenia . Although meprobamate is chemically unlike barbiturates and has lower toxicity, it has similar pharmacological effects, espe... Read more
hallucination
hallucination false perception characterized by a distortion of real sensory stimuli. Common types of hallucination are auditory, i.e., hearing voices or noises and visual, i.e., seeing people that are not actually present. Hallucinations play a prominent role in schizophrenia and in the mania st... Read more
strychnine
strychnine , bitter alkaloid drug derived from the seeds of a tree, Strychnos nux-vomica, native to Sri Lanka, Australia, and India. It has been used as a rat poison for five centuries, and rat biscuits still remain a cause of accidental poisoning in humans. Strychnine is a potent stimulant of the... Read more
tranquilizer
tranquilizer drug whose action calms the central nervous system , decreasing emotional agitation without impairing alertness. Tranquilizing drugs differ from hypnotic drugs such as barbiturates in that they do not act on the brain's cortical areas but rather on its lower portions, e.g., the hyp... Read more
sedative
sedative any of a variety of drugs that relieve anxiety. Most sedatives act as mild depressants of the nervous system, lessening general nervous activity or reducing the irritability or activity of a specific organ. Sedatives taken in small quantities are useful in relieving coughing, nausea, or ... Read more
benzodiazepine
benzodiazepine , any of a class of drugs prescribed for their tranquilizing, antianxiety, sedative, and muscle-relaxing effects. Benzodiazepines are also prescribed for epilepsy and alcohol withdrawal. Introduced in the early 1960s with chlordiazepoxide (Librium), benzodiazepines were heralded as a ... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "barbiturate"

Barbiturate-Induced Coma
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. Barbiturate-Induced Coma Definition A barbiturate-induced coma, or barb coma, is a temporary state of unconsciousness brought on by a controlled dose of a barbiturate drug, usually pentobarbital or thiopental. Purpose Barbiturate...
barbiturate
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition barbiturate , any one of a group of drugs that act as depressants on the central...psychologically and physically addictive (see drug addiction and drug abuse ). Barbiturate addicts must be withdrawn from the drug gradually to avoid severe withdrawal...
Barbiturates
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders ...treatment for some types of epilepsy. One barbiturate, butalbital, exists only as a component...preparations. The most common members of the barbiturate family are phenobarbital (Luminal...although phenobarbital is the preferred barbiturate to treat epilepsy because it can produce...
Amobarbital
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...considered an intermediate-acting barbiturate. When taken by mouth, its sedating...often been noted that the symptoms of barbiturate dependence resemble those of chronic alcoholism, though barbiturate withdrawl is more often associated...
Truth Serum
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security ...used truth serums are members of the barbiturate drug class. Barbiturates are sedatives...thiopentone) is an ultrashort-acting barbiturate, meaning that sedation only lasts for...Amytal) is an intermediate-acting barbiturate. Sedation occurs in one hour or longer...
Barbiturates: Complications
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...significantly depressed by the administration of barbiturate doses that are larger than those usually...benzodiazepines. The symptoms of acute barbiturate toxicity resemble the effects observed...experience withdrawal symptoms when the barbiturate is stopped abruptly. Abrupt cessation...
Anesthesia, General
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. ...increases. This stage is typically bypassed by administering a barbiturate, such as sodium pentothal, before the anesthesia. Stage...sensation. Arrhythmia — Abnormal heart beat. Barbiturate — A drug with hypnotic and sedative effects. Catatonia...
Substance Abuse and Dependence
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine ...including prescription drugs used for treating anxiety , such as valium) sedatives or "downers" (including prescription barbiturate drugs commonly referred to as tranquilizers) stimulants or "speed" (including prescription amphetamine drugs used as...
Jimi Hendrix
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...and soul into his own unmistakable sound. In the few years between his emergence as a solo artist and his death from a barbiturate overdose at the height of his fame, Jimi Hendrix wrought a slew of radical changes on pop music. Arguably the most innovative...
Antiepileptics
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health: Infancy through Adolescence ...frequency of epileptic seizures. This class of drugs includes some drugs that have other uses as well. Phenobarbital is a barbiturate. Barbiturates were once widely used as sleeping pills and are still used in anesthesia for surgery. Clonazepam, clorazepate...

Dictionary entries related to "barbiturate"

barbiturate
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology barbiturate Any one of a group of drugs derived from barbituric acid, which have a depressant effect on the central nervous system. Barbiturates...
goofball
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English goof·ball / ˈgoōfˌbôl / • n. inf. 1. a naive, silly, or stupid person. 2. a narcotic drug in pill form, esp. a barbiturate. • adj. inf. foolish; silly: Yvonne and her goofball antics.
phenobarbital
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing phenobarbital ( phenobarbitone ) (fee-noh- bar -bit-al) n. a barbiturate drug administered by mouth or injection as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy. It is no longer commonly prescribed.
Mujeres al Borde de un Ataque de Nervios
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers ...telephone answering machine through a window, frees chickens and ducks encaged on her balcony, and makes a dangerous, barbiturate-spiked gazpacho which guests splash on carpet and couch. At the same time, the number of people in the apartment grows...
butobarbital
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing butobarbital ( butobarbitone ) (bew-toh- bar -bi-tal) n. an intermediate-acting barbiturate taken by mouth for the treatment of severe insomnia. Trade name:. Soneryl .
barbiturism
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing barbiturism (bar- bit -yoor-izm) n. addiction to drugs of the barbiturate group. Signs of intoxication include slurring of speech, sleepiness, and loss of balance. Withdrawal of the drugs must be undertaken slowly.
downer
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...x2C8;dounər / • n. inf. 1. (usu. downers ) a depressant or tranquilizing drug, esp. a barbiturate. 2. a dispiriting or depressing experience or factor: the thought of the danger his son was in put something of a downer...
Fourneau, Ernest
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...commenced a three-year period of training in Germany under Theodor Curtius, Ludwig Gatterman, Emil Fischer (amino acids and barbiturate medications), and Richard Willst ä tter (chlorophyll.) A. witness to the birth of the German pharmaceutical...
barbital
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English bar·bi·tal / ˈbärbiˌtäl; -ˌtôl / • n. a long-acting sedative and sleep-inducing drug, C 6 H 12 O 3 N 2 , of the barbiturate type. Alternative name: diethylbarbituric acid.
thiopental
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing thiopental ( thiopentone ) (th'y-oh- pen -tal) n. a short-acting barbiturate. It is given by intravenous injection to induce general anaesthesia. Possible complications can include respiratory depression.

Thesaurus entries related to "barbiturate"

tranquilizer
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Thesaurus of Current English tranquilizer • noun   synonyms : sedative, barbiturate, opiate; inf. downer.
addict
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus addict • noun   1. stealing money for your next high, just like the addicts out in the street a barbiturate addict synonyms : abuser, user, drug addict; informal junkie, druggie, -head, -freak, pill-popper, dope fiend...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Continuous noninvasive monitoring of barbiturate coma in critically ill children using the Bispectral[TM] index monitor.(Research)
Magazine article from: Critical Care; 9/27/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...neurological outcome. Other effects of high barbiturate levels are reduced cerebral metabolism...treatment of severe epilepsy [1]. Barbiturate therapy also has serious adverse effects...mandatory. Several methods of monitoring barbiturate coma are available: interval or continuous...
Barbiturate Hyperalgesia Revisited
Magazine article from: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; To the Editor: The significance of barbiturate hyperalgesia in the postoperative setting...being the most potent.6 Also, chronic barbiturate use has been found to lead to an increase...receptor-mediated transmission in barbiturate physical dependence. Br J Pharmacol...
`BARBITURATE' KNOCKS SPELLER OUT OF NATIONAL BEE.(CAPITAL REGION)
Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 6/2/1994; 700+ words ; ...Middle School, tripped over the word barbiturate and was eliminated in the third round...accident, the doctor prescribed a mild barbiturate for Sal.'' In a clear voice, Wakileh...crucial error. ``I never heard the word barbiturate before in my life,'' said Wakileh...
Survey: Migraine Patients Taking Potentially Addictive Barbiturate or Opioid Medications Not Approved by FDA as Migraine Treatments.
PR Newswire; 5/15/2007; 700+ words ; ...addicted to a medication that contained a barbiturate. "I was up to 10 or 12 of those...in the hospital to get weaned off the barbiturate, Turley was prescribed a medication...Physicians say that detoxification from barbiturate and opioid over-use in headache patients...
Trainer fined after `killer' barbiturate found.(Sports)
Newspaper article from: The Racing Post (London, England); 6/15/2001; 586 words ; ...after a routine random test on two trials runners. The test, on John Bull and Novel Idea, uncovered the presence of a barbiturate similar to that which led to February's `knacker meat' disaster which killed 13 greyhounds belonging to Perry Barr trainer...
Conrail Engineer In Pittsburgh Wreck Used Barbiturate
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 5/14/1987; 334 words ; Traces of a barbiturate were found in blood and urine of the engineer of a Conrail train that collided with another train and derailed last month in Pittsburgh...
DRUG SCREENING SYSTEMS REPORTS FIRST QUARTER RESULTS; BARBITURATE TEST CLEARED FOR MARKETING BY FDA; CLASS ACTION INSTITUTED
PR Newswire; 11/16/1993; 700+ words ; ...detect barbiturates in human urine equaled or exceeded that of conventional laboratory screening tests. "The addition of a barbiturate test to our product line, which now encompasses six of the most common drugs of abuse, enhances the products' marketability...
Bullets and drugs stolen from RSPCA; POLICE ISSUE WARNING OVER LETHAL ANIMAL BARBITURATE.(News)
Newspaper article from: Daily Post (Liverpool, England); 1/25/2010; 700+ words ; ...Abergele, on Saturday. A North Wales Police spokeswoman said the house belongs to an RSPCA employee. The drugs, a powerful barbiturate called Pentobarbitone Sodium, are used by vets and RSPCA staff to put animals to sleep and doctors warned could be lethal...
The history of intravenous anaesthesia: The barbiturates. Part 1
Magazine article from: Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; 4/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...amalgamated with urea to give the name barbiturate. Unfortunately there is no way of authenticating...in 1903. This was the first sedative barbiturate and was named Veronal, supposedly after...recently been travelling. This oral barbiturate was popular for many years but was very...
Existing therapies applied to new use in broader spectrum of cancer care.
Newspaper article from: Drug Week; 4/23/2004; 677 words ; ...for Cancer Research highlighted how a barbiturate may be useful for colon cancer patients...Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. The barbiturate Nembutal, or pentobarbital, is known...The tumors in the cecum and spleens of barbiturate-treated mice were only a third to...