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Topics related to "barbiturate"

barbiturate
barbiturate , any one of a group of drugs that act as depressants on the central nervous system . High doses depress both nerve and muscle activity and inhibit oxygen consumption in the tissues. In low doses barbiturates act as sedatives , i.e., they have a tranquilizing effect; increased doses ... Read more
hypnotic drugs
hypnotic drugs drugs that induce sleep, sometimes called soporifics. In general, hypnotics are central nervous system depressants . Alcohol, laudanum (see opium ), bromide salts, and herbs such as valerian have been used as hypnotics. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed... Read more
sleeping pill
sleeping pill a pill containing medication that induces sleep. Benzodiazepines such as temazepam (Restoril) and triazolam (Halcion) have for the most part replaced barbiturates as drugs of choice for insomnia. Imidaopyridines, such as zolpidem tartrate, are also sometimes used for short-term tr... Read more
depressant
depressant any one of various substances that diminish functional activity, usually by depressing the nervous system . Barbiturates , sedatives , alcohol, and meprobamate are all depressants. Depressants have various modes of action and effects. Some are primarily used medically to relieve emo... Read more
meprobamate
meprobamate , tranquilizing drug that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system and is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety and sometimes schizophrenia . Although meprobamate is chemically unlike barbiturates and has lower toxicity, it has similar pharmacological effects, espe... Read more
hallucination
hallucination false perception characterized by a distortion of real sensory stimuli. Common types of hallucination are auditory, i.e., hearing voices or noises and visual, i.e., seeing people that are not actually present. Hallucinations play a prominent role in schizophrenia and in the mania st... Read more
strychnine
strychnine , bitter alkaloid drug derived from the seeds of a tree, Strychnos nux-vomica, native to Sri Lanka, Australia, and India. It has been used as a rat poison for five centuries, and rat biscuits still remain a cause of accidental poisoning in humans. Strychnine is a potent stimulant of the... Read more
tranquilizer
tranquilizer drug whose action calms the central nervous system , decreasing emotional agitation without impairing alertness. Tranquilizing drugs differ from hypnotic drugs such as barbiturates in that they do not act on the brain's cortical areas but rather on its lower portions, e.g., the hyp... Read more
sedative
sedative any of a variety of drugs that relieve anxiety. Most sedatives act as mild depressants of the nervous system, lessening general nervous activity or reducing the irritability or activity of a specific organ. Sedatives taken in small quantities are useful in relieving coughing, nausea, or ... Read more
benzodiazepine
benzodiazepine , any of a class of drugs prescribed for their tranquilizing, antianxiety, sedative, and muscle-relaxing effects. Benzodiazepines are also prescribed for epilepsy and alcohol withdrawal. Introduced in the early 1960s with chlordiazepoxide (Librium), benzodiazepines were heralded as a ... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "barbiturate"

Barbiturates
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery: A Guide for Patients and Caregivers ...periods. Description Barbiturates are available only...Some commonly used barbiturates are phenobarbital...depends on the type of barbiturate and other factors...morning after taking a barbiturate at bedtime. Because...affect him or her. Barbiturates may cause physical...
Barbiturates: Complications
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...administration of barbiturate doses that are larger...synergistic effect when barbiturates are combined with...reason, too, the barbiturates have been displaced...symptoms of acute barbiturate toxicity resemble...administration of barbiturates results in CNS tolerance...
Barbiturate-Induced Coma
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. ...hypertension has failed. Barbiturate dosing is geared...side effects of barbiturates, which include...benefits of using barbiturates to control intracranial...have shown that barbiturate-induced coma...estimated 25% of barbiturate-induced comas...side effects of barbiturates, ...
barbiturate
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...long-acting derivative. Barbiturates are used to relax patients...abused. Taken regularly, barbiturates can be psychologically and...addiction and drug abuse ). Barbiturate addicts must be withdrawn...manufacture and distribution of barbiturates were brought under federal...
Amobarbital
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...considered an intermediate-acting barbiturate. When taken by mouth, its sedating...disease; or hypersensitivity to barbiturates. Amobarbital is incompatible...been noted that the symptoms of barbiturate dependence resemble those of chronic...
Truth Serum
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security ...members of the barbiturate drug class. Barbiturates are sedatives and...Ultrashort-acting barbiturates are used as anesthetics...anticonvulsive). Barbiturates are controlled...ultrashort-acting barbiturate, meaning that...
Withdrawal Syndromes
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. ...drugs such as alcohol and barbiturates. (There are exceptions...withdrawal conditions each year. Barbiturate withdrawal Barbiturates are prescribed as anticonvulsants...for abuse. Commonly abused barbiturates include amobarbital (Amytal...
Allergies to Alcohol and Drugs
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...to Alcohol, Opiates, and Barbiturates, some street drugs have...ALLERGIES TO OPIATES, BARBITURATES, AND STREET DRUGS There...reactions following the use of Barbiturates for the induction of anesthesia...occur frequently following barbiturate usage. This
Benzodiazepines
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...older Sedative-Hypnotic agents such as Barbiturates, Chloral Hydrate, glutethimide, and...agents such as Ethanol (alcohol) and the barbiturates. Benzodiazepines differ from barbiturates in that they require the release of GABA...
Sedative-Hypnotic
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior ...first used in 1882. The barbiturates were introduced in the early...number of miscellaneous non-barbiturate sedatives (ethchlorvynol...brief period rivaled the barbiturates in popularity, but their...rapidly along with the use of barbiturates. The bromides were recognized...

Dictionary entries related to "barbiturate"

barbiturate
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology barbiturate Any one of a group of drugs derived...effect on the central nervous system. Barbiturates were originally used as sedatives and...use can lead to addiction. Specific barbiturates in clinical use include butobarbital...
amobarbital
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing amobarbital ( amylobarbitone ) (am-oh- bar -bi-tal) n. an intermediate-acting barbiturate used to treat severe insomnia in patients already taking barbiturates. Trade names: Amytal , Sodium Amytal .
Narco-Analysis
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...psychotherapeutic technique that uses psychotropic drugs, particularly barbiturates, to induce a stupor in which mental elements with strong...mid-1930s as a result of the discovery of quickly acting barbiturates with a short-term effects. The term analysis is used in...
Mujeres al Borde de un Ataque de Nervios
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers ...telephone answering machine through a window, frees chickens and ducks encaged on her balcony, and makes a dangerous, barbiturate-spiked gazpacho which guests splash on carpet and couch. At the same time, the number of people in the apartment grows...
barbiturism
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing barbiturism (bar- bit -yoor-izm) n. addiction to drugs of the barbiturate group. Signs of intoxication include slurring of speech, sleepiness, and loss of balance. Withdrawal of the drugs must be undertaken slowly.
depressant
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing depressant (di- pres -ănt) n. an agent that reduces the normal activity of any body system or function. Drugs such as general anaesthetics, barbiturates, and opioids are depressants of the central nervous system and respiration.
dependence
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing ...withdrawal symptoms if use of the drug is stopped. It may be induced by nicotine in tobacco, cannabis, and such drugs as barbiturates and amphetamines. 2. a state of reliance on others for aspects of self-care, sometimes used as a measure of nursing...
butobarbital
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing butobarbital ( butobarbitone ) (bew-toh- bar -bi-tal) n. an intermediate-acting barbiturate taken by mouth for the treatment of severe insomnia. Trade name:. Soneryl .
Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing ...drugs. These controlled drugs include the natural opiates and their synthetic substitutes, cocaine, and LSD (class A drugs), amphetamines and barbiturates (class B drugs), and most benzodiazepines and cannabis (class C drugs).
Rothko, Mark
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Art ...fame (and the money it brought), Rothko was plagued by depression. He had a prickly temperament, drank heavily, took barbiturates to excess, was fearful and suspicious of younger artists, had two unhappy marriages, and felt he was misunderstood (he...

Thesaurus entries related to "barbiturate"

tranquilizer
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus tranquilizer • noun  don't have any wine if you're taking tranquilizers synonyms : sedative, barbiturate, calmative, sleeping pill, depressant, narcotic, opiate; informal downer. antonym: stimulant.
addict
Book article from: The Oxford American Writers Thesaurus addict • noun   1. stealing money for your next high, just like the addicts out in the street a barbiturate addict synonyms : abuser, user, drug addict; informal junkie, druggie, -head, -freak, pill-popper, dope fiend...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Continuous noninvasive monitoring of barbiturate coma in critically ill children using the Bispectral[TM] index monitor.(Research)
Magazine article from: Critical Care; 9/27/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...require aggressive management. Barbiturates are used to stop epileptiform...outcome. Other effects of high barbiturate levels are reduced cerebral metabolism...hypotension [2, 3]. Dosing of barbiturates is guided by the extent of induced...
Survey: Migraine Patients Taking Potentially Addictive Barbiturate or Opioid Medications Not Approved by FDA as Migraine Treatments.
PR Newswire; 5/15/2007; 700+ words ; ...medications that contain barbiturates or opioids and have not been...hospital to get weaned off the barbiturate, Turley was prescribed a...that detoxification from barbiturate and opioid over-use in...many patients are prescribed barbiturates and opioids for their migraines...
Barbiturate Hyperalgesia Revisited
Magazine article from: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...NMDA antagonists.5 Barbiturates have been found to...6 Also, chronic barbiturate use has been found...Duan S, Swanson RA. Barbiturates induce mitochondrial...mediated transmission in barbiturate physical dependence...sedation: Effects of barbiturates and propofol in the...
Flying high with eagles: A close look at barbiturates. (Chemfusion).
Magazine article from: Canadian Chemical News; 6/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...seeing a fast-acting barbiturate in action. The same...Injecting certain barbiturates intravenously puts...Too high a dose of barbiturates can induce permanent...publicized example of barbiturate overdose, but certainly...case is not unique; barbiturates are probably the most...
The history of intravenous anaesthesia: The barbiturates. Part 1
Magazine article from: Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; 4/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...travelling. This oral barbiturate was popular for many...acting. The first barbiturate to be used intravenously...combination of two barbiturates, barbital (Veronal...development of intravenous barbiturates, the company has...truly short acting barbiturate, hexobarbitone...
The history of intravenous anaesthesia: The barbiturates. Part 2
Magazine article from: Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; 6/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; COVER NOTE The early intravenous barbiturates such as hexobarbitone (Evipan) were...but seldom used elsewhere. Sulphur barbiturates were first described by Fisher and...discontinued their research. The sulphur barbiturates were not studied again until the early...
`BARBITURATE' KNOCKS SPELLER OUT OF NATIONAL BEE.(CAPITAL REGION)
Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 6/2/1994; 700+ words ; ...School, tripped over the word barbiturate and was eliminated in the...Dayton, Ohio, replied that barbiturates are ``any of the large...doctor prescribed a mild barbiturate for Sal.'' In a clear...I never heard the word barbiturate before in my life,'' said...
Environmental Diagnostics submits new barbiturates test to the FDA as the marketing program for forensic use is launched in the U.S.
PR Newswire; 11/8/1990; 700+ words ; ...ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSTICS SUBMITS NEW BARBITURATES TEST TO THE FDA AS THE MARKETING PROGRAM...its recently developed EZ-SCREEN: BARBITURATES test to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration...that the new test for the detection of barbiturates in human urine samples has been launched...
Barbiturates and narcotics' abuse can increase frequency of migraine attacks.(Clinical report)
News Wire article from: Asian News International; 12/3/2008; 700+ words ; ...patients using medications containing barbiturates or narcotics, which provide a short...migraine sufferers who took narcotics or barbiturates more frequently were more likely to...try to avoid the use of narcotic or barbiturate medications that may exacerbate migraine...
BARBITURATES AND NARCOTICS' ABUSE CAN INCREASE FREQUENCY OF MIGRAINE ATTACKS
News Wire article from: The Hindustan Times; 11/19/2008; 631 words ; ...patients using medications containing barbiturates or narcotics, which provide a short...migraine sufferers who took narcotics or barbiturates more frequently were more likely to...try to avoid the use of narcotic or barbiturate medications that may exacerbate migraine...