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oxalic acid
oxalic acid or ethanedioic acid , HO 2 CCO 2 H, a colorless, crystalline organic carboxylic acid that melts at 189°C with sublimation. Oxalic acid and oxalate salts are poisonous. Oxalic acid is found in many plants, e.g., sorrel and rhubarb, usually as its calcium or potassium salts. Oxalic...
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fatty acid
fatty acid any of the organic carboxylic acids present in fats and oils as esters of glycerol . Molecular weights of fatty acids vary over a wide range. The carbon skeleton of any fatty acid is unbranched. Some fatty acids are saturated, i.e., each carbon atom is connected to its carbon atom nei...
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fumaric acid
fumaric acid or trans -butenedioic acid, HO 2 CCH[symbol]CHCO 2 H, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that melts at 287°C. Maleic acid, or cis -butenedioic acid, is a geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it melts at about 140°C. Of the two isomers fumaric acid is the more stable and can be ...
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gallic acid
gallic acid or 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid , C 6 H 2 (OH) 3 CO 2 H, colorless crystalline organic acid found in gallnuts, sumach, tea leaves, oak bark, and many other plants, both in its free state and as part of the tannin molecule (see tannin ). Since gallic acid has hydroxyl groups and a ca...
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carbonic acid
carbonic acid H 2 CO 3 , a weak dibasic acid (see acids and bases ) formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water; it exists only in solution. Carbonic acid forms carbonate and bicarbonate (or acid carbonate) salts (see carbonate ) by reaction with bases. It contributes to the sharp taste of ca...
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glutamic acid
glutamic acid , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l -stereoisomer occurs in mammalian proteins. Like aspartic acid , glutamic acid has an acidic carboxyl group on its side chain which can serve as both an acceptor and a donor of ammonia, a ...
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butyric acid
butyric acid or butanoic acid , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CO 2 H, viscous, foul-smelling, liquid carboxylic acid; m.p. about -5°C; b.p. 163.5°C. It is miscible with water, ethanol, and ether. It is a low molecular weight fatty acid that is present in butter as an ester of glycerol; the odor of ra...
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formic acid
formic acid or methanoic acid , HCO 2 H, a colorless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odor; it boils at 100.7°C and solidifies at 8.4°C. It has the lowest molecular weight and is the simplest of the carboxylic acids. Functionally, it is both an acid and an aldehyde. Like other acids, it re...
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boric acid
boric acid any one of the three chemical compounds, orthoboric (or boracic) acid, metaboric acid, and tetraboric (or pyroboric) acid; the term often refers simply to orthoboric acid. The acids may be thought of as hydrates of boric oxide, B 2 O 3 . Orthoboric acid, H 3 BO 3 or B 2 O 3 ·3H 2...
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phosphoric acid
phosphoric acid any one of three chemical compounds made up of phosphorus , oxygen, and hydrogen (see acids and bases ). The most common, orthophosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4 , is usually simply called phosphoric acid. Two molecules of it are formed by adding three molecules of water, H 2 O, to one mol...
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