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acetone
acetone , dimethyl ketone , or 2-propanone , CH 3 COCH 3 , colorless, flammable liquid. Acetone melts at -94.8°C and boils at 56.2°C. It is the simplest aliphatic ketone . Acetone is widely used in industry as a solvent for numerous organic substances and is a component of most paint ...
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acetylene
acetylene or ethyne , HC[triple bond]CH, a colorless gas. It melts at -80.8°C and boils at -84.0°C. Offensive odors often noted in commercial acetylene are due to impurities. Acetylene forms explosive mixtures with oxygen or air. It is soluble in acetone, ethanol, and water. When dissolv...
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isopropanol
isopropanol isopropyl alcohol, or 2-propanol , (CH 3 ) 2 CHOH, a colorless liquid that is miscible with water. It melts at -89°C and boils at 82.3°C. It is poisonous if taken internally. It is a major component of rubbing alcohols. Isopropanol is a secondary alcohol . It is one...
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halitosis
halitosis , unpleasant odor carried on the breath. It is usually the result of gum disorder, tooth decay, smoking, indulgence in aromatic foods, or a mild digestive upset. Known commonly as bad breath, halitosis may also be indicative of lung or sinus infection, uremia, or cirrhosis of the liver. Th...
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ketone
ketone , any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group , C[symbol]O, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR′, where R and R′ are alkyl or aryl groups. The simplest ketone, where R and R′ are me...
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phenolphthalein
phenolphthalein , or 2,2-Bis( p -hydroxyphenyl) phthalide, C 20 H 14 O 4 , crystalline organic compound. It is used medicinally as a laxative and is widely employed in the laboratory as an indicator of the acidity or basicity of solutions. In pure water it is insoluble, but it is soluble in basic ...
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shellac
shellac solution of lac in alcohol or acetone. In commerce the name is applied to the resinous substance (lac) itself rather than to the solution. It ranges in color from orange to light yellow depending upon the extent to which it has been purified; the darker shellacs are the less pure. When bl...
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nitroglycerin
nitroglycerin , C 3 H 5 N 3 O 9 , colorless, oily, highly explosive liquid. It is the nitric acid triester of glycerol and is more correctly called glycerol trinitrate. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ether, acetone, benzene, and chloroform. An unstable compound, nitroglycerin decomposes w...
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petrochemical
petrochemical any one of a large group of chemicals derived from a component of petroleum or natural gas. The cracking processes for manufacturing gasoline produce vast quantities of gaseous hydrocarbons. Originally considered waste products suitable only for use as illuminants and fuels, the gases...
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citric acid
citric acid or 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, HO 2 CCH 2 C(OH)(CO 2 H)CH 2 CO 2 H, an organic carboxylic acid containing three carboxyl groups ; it is a solid at room temperature, melts at 153°C, and decomposes at higher temperatures. It is responsible for the tart taste of var...
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