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Vatican City
Vatican City or Holy See, officially Holy See (State of the Vatican City), independent state (2005 est. pop. 900), 108.7 acres (44 hectares), within the city of Rome, Italy, and the residence of the pope, who is its absolute ruler. Vatican City may be said to correspond politically to the forme...
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Second Vatican Council
Second Vatican Council popularly called Vatican II, 1962-65, the 21st ecumenical council (see council, ecumenical ) of the Roman Catholic Church, convened by Pope John XXIII and continued under Paul VI . Its announced purpose was spiritual renewal of the church and reconsideration of the po...
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First Vatican Council
First Vatican Council 1869-70, the 20th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church (see council, ecumenical ), renowned chiefly for its enunciation of the doctrine of papal infallibility .
Convening and Meetings
The council was convened by Pope Pius IX , who announced his intentio...
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Holy See
Holy See see Vatican City .
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Melozzo da Forlì
Melozzo da Forlì , 1438-94, Umbrian painter. His extant works, though few, reveal him as a painter of power and individuality. He is especially notable for his bold foreshortening, in the use of which, particularly in vaultings, he was a pioneer. His known works include the great fresco of th...
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Leochares
Leochares , fl. 4th cent. BC, Greek sculptor, probably an Athenian. Leochares was associated in the decoration of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. He is known to have made portraits, including a gold and ivory group of Philip, Alexander, and others, for Olympia. His Lion Hunt of Alexander was made ...
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Carlo Maratti
Carlo Maratti , 1625-1713, Italian high baroque painter and engraver of the Roman school. He restored Raphael's frescoes in the Vatican and was appointed curator of the Vatican paintings. Maratti created a number of allegorical pictures in which he attempted to reconcile the baroque and classical tr...
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legate
legate [Lat. legare =to send], one sent as a representative of a state or of some high authority. In Roman history a legate was sent by the senate to the provinces as an envoy of the emperor. Sometime during the 12th cent. the word came into use to designate a papal ambassador. There are various t...
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Perino del Vaga
Perino del Vaga or Pierino del Vaga , 1500-1547, Italian mannerist painter, whose real name was Perino or Pierino Buonaccorsi. He worked chiefly in Rome and Genoa. He worked for Raphael in the loggia of the Vatican and painted the figures of the planets in the Appartamenti Borgi. After the sack ...
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Giulio Romano
Giulio Romano , c.1492-1546, Italian painter, architect, and decorator, whose real name was Giulio Pippi. He was the favorite pupil of Raphael and while still a youth was entrusted with the painting of most of the frescoes in the loggias (from designs by Raphael) and a group of figures in the Stanza...
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