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Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah
Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah , 1905-82, nationalist leader in Kashmir , known as the Lion of Kashmir. He became active in political reform while a student at Lahore Univ. and was frequently imprisoned from 1931 for urging self-rule for Kashmir, a region now divided between Indian and Pakistan. He was a...
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Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi , Arab. Abu Zabi, sheikhdom (1995 pop. 928,360), c.26,000 sq mi (67,300 sq km), part of the federation of seven United Arab Emirates , SE Arabia, on the Persian Gulf. The sheikhdom is the largest in the federation; in it is located the city of Abu Dhabi (1995 pop. 398,695), founded c....
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Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah
Jaber al-Ahmad al-Sabah , 1926-2006, emir of Kuwait (1977-2006). A member of Kuwait's ruling Sabah family, he was the third son of Sheikh Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah (r. 1921-50). Beginning in the 1940s he held several positions in the Kuwaiti government, and soon established a reputation as a shrewd an...
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Khorramshahr
Khorramshahr , city (1991 pop. 34,750), Khuzestan prov., SW Iran, at the confluence of the Karun River and the Shatt al Arab, near the Persian Gulf. It is a busy port. Its development dates to the late 19th cent., when steam navigation on the Karun was started. The city was known as Muhammerah until...
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Bedouin
Bedouin [Arab.,=desert dwellers], primarily nomad Arab peoples of the Middle East, where they form about 10% of the population. They are of the same Semitic stock as their sedentary neighbors (the fellahin; see Arabs ) and share with them a devout belief in Islam and a distrust of any but their ...
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Awami League
Awami League political organization in Pakistan and Bangladesh. It was founded in 1949 as an opposition party in Pakistan and had a moderately socialist ideology. The Awami [people's] League, with cofounder Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as its leader from 1953, called in 1966 for a federation of East and...
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United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates federation of sheikhdoms (2005 est. pop. 2,563,000), c.30,000 sq mi (77,700 sq km), SE Arabia, on the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. The federation, commonly known as the UAE, consists of seven sheikhdoms: Abu Dhabi (territorially the largest of the sheikhdoms), Ajman , ...
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Bahrain
Bahrain or Bahrein , officially Kingdom of Bahrain, constitutional monarchy and archipelago (2005 est. pop. 688,300), 266 sq mi (689 sq km), in the Persian Gulf. The two main islands are Bahrain and Al Muharraq, connected by a causeway. The capital and chief port is Al Manamah , on Bahrain.
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Mujibur Rahman
Mujibur Rahman , 1921-75, East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) political leader, prime minister of Bangladesh (1972-75), popularly known as Sheikh Mujib. Concerned that East Pakistan was unfairly dominated by West Pakistan, he helped found (1949) the Awami League to fight for East Pakistan's autonomy. H...
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Hamas
Hamas [Arab., = zeal], Arabic acronym for the Islamic Resistance Movement, a Palestinian Islamic fundamentalist organization that was founded in 1987 during the Intifada ; it seeks to establish an Islamic state in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip (the former mandate of Pa...
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