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Topics related to "Refractive index"

index number
index number in econometrics, a figure reflecting a change in value or quantity as compared with a standard or base. The base usually equals 100 and the index number is usually expressed as a percentage. For example, if a commodity cost twice as much in 1970 as it did in 1960, its index number woul... Read more
beryl
beryl , mineral, a silicate of beryllium and aluminum, Be 3 Al 2 Si 6 O 18 , extremely hard, occurring in hexagonal crystals that may be of enormous size and are usually white, yellow, green, blue, or colorless. Beryl is commonly used as a gemstone. The refractive index is low, and the stones have l... Read more
cephalic index
cephalic index [Gr. kephale =head], ratio of the breadth of the head to its length. Expressed as a percental number, it provides the simplest description of the geometric relation of two dimensions. The index is obtained by dividing the maximum width of the cranium by its maximum length and multip... Read more
Index
Index in the Roman Catholic Church, list of publications forbidden to be read, called Index librorum prohibitorum [list of forbidden books]. This censorship was exercised by the Holy See. Catholics are forbidden, as a natural part of ethics, to read anything they know may endanger their faith or ... Read more
Consumer Price Index
Consumer Price Index (CPI) 1. In the UK, the usual name for the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), a measure of price level introduced in 1997 to enable comparisons within the EU. In 2003 the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced that government inflation targets would subsequently be base... Read more
Canada balsam
Canada balsam yellow, oily, resinous exudation obtained from the balsam fir . It is an oleoresin (see resin ) with a pleasant odor but a biting taste. It is a turpentine rather than a true balsam. On standing, the essential oil in Canada balsam evaporates, leaving behind the resin as a hard, tr... Read more
refraction
refraction in physics, deflection of a wave on passing obliquely from one transparent medium into a second medium in which its speed is different, as the passage of a light ray from air into glass. Other forms of electromagnetic radiation , in addition to light waves, can be refracted, as can soun... Read more
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault , 1819-68, French physicist. Known especially for his research on the speed of light, he determined its velocity in air and found that its speed in water and other media diminished in proportion to the index of refraction. He originated the Foucault pendulum , with... Read more
fiber optics
fiber optics transmission of digitized messages or information by light pulses along hair-thin glass fibers. Each fiber is surrounded by a cladding having a high index of refractance so that the light is internally reflected and travels the length of the fiber without escaping. Cables of optical fi... Read more
opal
opal , a mineral consisting of poorly crystalline to amorphous silica, SiO 2 · n H 2 O; the water content is quite variable but usually ranges from 3% to 10%. Common opal is usually colorless or white, but it may be gray, brown, yellow, or red; the color is due to fine-grained impurities. Opa... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "Refractive index"

optical mineralogy
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Earth ...and embedded in a mount with a refractive index of 1.54. The optical properties...distinctive property is the refractive index (R. I.), which can be measured...reference to liquids of known refractive index. If the mineral ‘...
Eye Glasses and Contact Lenses
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed. ...People whose eyes have refractive errors do not see clearly...retina. The greater the index of refraction of the...refraction. The greater the index of refraction, the thinner...for people with large refractive errors. A plastic called...should ask about high index material options for...
petrology, petrography, petrogenesis
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Earth ...become apparent as the stage is rotated. The Canada balsam upon which the rock is mounted has a refractive index of 1.538. Minerals whose refractive index is higher than this appear to stand out from the surface of the slide like hills and are said...
Eyeglasses and Contact Lenses
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health: Infancy through Adolescence ...lenses are devices that correct refractive errors in vision. Eyeglass...eyeglasses. People whose eyes have refractive errors do not see clearly without...the retina. The greater the index of refraction of the lens material...without bubbles, and have a high index of refraction. The greater...
Lens
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...is done using the simple formula where n is the refractive index of the glass, and r1 and r2 are the radii of curvature...instance, chromatic aberration occurs because the refractive index depends on the wavelength, and so the lens has a...
Fiber Optics
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...model slightly so that the higher index material is sandwiched between two lower index layers (Figure 3). Light enters the higher index material, hits the upper interface...with central core and cladding refractive indices equal to those of desired...
glass
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...and electrical resistance; barium, to increase the refractive index, as in optical glass; cerium, to absorb infrared...rock crystal, was at first applied to clear, highly refractive glass; it has come to denote in the trade a high...
diamond
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...the familiar diamond shape). The extraordinary brilliancy of diamonds after faceting is due to their very high refractive index, which is greater than that of any other naturally occurring gemstone. In addition to the gem varieties there are...
Canada balsam
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...microscope slides, since it yields, when dissolved in an equal volume of xylene, a noncrystallizing cement with a refractive index nearly equal to that of ordinary glass. It is used also in paints and polishes.
beryl
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...enormous size and are usually white, yellow, green, blue, or colorless. Beryl is commonly used as a gemstone. The refractive index is low, and the stones have little or no fire. The most valued variety of beryl is emerald . An aquamarine is a...

Dictionary entries related to "Refractive index"

refractive index
Book article from: A Dictionary of Astronomy refractive index (symbol n ) A measure of the refractive...such as glass. Mathematically, the refractive index is the ratio of the sines of the angles...travels through the medium. A typical refractive index for glass is about 1.5.
refractometer
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...instrument used to determine refractive index . Several types are available...measures the critical angle. The refractive index is then calculated by Snell...primarily for determining the refractive index of liquids. It consists of...
half-shadow test
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...to determine the approximate refractive index of a mineral by immersion in a liquid of known refractive index. A card is inserted below the...If the mineral differs in refractive index from the liquid, one side of...
Becke line test
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...to determine the approximate refractive index of a mineral . In plane-polarized...into the medium with the higher refractive index. The medium could be either an adjacent mineral of known refractive index or, more commonly, the mounting...
Gladstone, John Hall
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...them to the formulation of what they called the specific refractive energy (now called specific refractive index , where n is the refractive index and d is the density), which they found to be approximately constant for a given liquid. Hans...
fiber optics
Book article from: A Dictionary of Computing ...very pure, and by varying the refractive index of the material across the fiber...between glasses of different refractive index ( stepped index fiber ), or...region of gradually varying refractive index ( graded index fiber ). If...
optical fibre
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology ...glass or plastic cladding of lower refractive index. The cladding is usually between...kilometres of fibre. In the graded-index fibre , each layer of glass...outer wall, has a slightly lower refractive index than the layer inside it. This...
Snell's law
Book article from: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences ...isotropic media bounded by a common interface . The refractive index n is given by: n = sin i /sin r , and n 1 sin i = n 2 sin r , where n 1 and n 2 are the refractive indices of the two media. The law also indicates...
Hoek, Martinus
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...x201D; is carried along with a velocity Where n is the index of refraction. By a modified setup Hoek (1868) reduced this...Oudemans, Hoek also showed that for a given substance the refractive power ( n 2 – 1) /d is not a constant (1864...
crown glass
Book article from: A Dictionary of Astronomy crown glass A basic variety of optical glass, containing a high percentage of potassium and calcium. It has a refractive index of about 1.5, and on average has a lower dispersion of light than the other main basic optical glass, flint glass...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Glass refractive index determination: Scientific Working Group for Materials Analysis (SWGMAT).(Standards and Guidelines)
Magazine article from: Forensic Science Communications; 1/1/2005; 700+ words ; ...describes guidelines for measuring the refractive index of forensic glass samples. Refractive index can be measured by a number of different...Method for the Automated Determination of Refractive Index of Glass Samples Using the Oil Immersion...
Limitations of refractive index: contamination can artificially decrease readings.(Process Doctor)
Magazine article from: Circuits Assembly; 4/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; ...cleaning bath in question. The refractive index measuring technique was introduced...combine pH measurements with refractive index measurements and assess the...monitoring systems, based on the refractive index measurement. But let's take...
Glass refractive index determination.(Standards and Guidelines)(Correction notice)
Magazine article from: Forensic Science Communications; 1/1/2006; 700+ words ; ...M. L. Precision of glass refractive index measurements: Temperature variation...Pearson, E. F. The variation in refractive index and density across two sheets...automatic device for measuring the refractive index of glass particles, Microscope...
Refractive index and fourier transform infrared spectra of virgin coconut oil and virgin olive oil.(Report)
Magazine article from: American Journal of Applied Sciences; 2/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; INTRODUCTION Refractive index plays an important role in many...and chemistry. Knowledge of the refractive index of aqueous solutions and oil is...have been developed to measure the refractive index of liquids, such as the Brewster...
Focusing on perfection; Optics.(negative refractive index )
Magazine article from: The Economist (US); 11/19/2005; 700+ words ; ...described as the material's refractive index. This is partly determined...In the case of glass, its refractive index is about 1.4; this is almost...the material would have a refractive index of less than one. If the light...
Refractive Index and Thickness Analysis of Natural Silicon Dioxide Film Growing on Silicon with Variable-Angle Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
Magazine article from: Spectroscopy; 10/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; The refractive index and thickness of SiO^sub 2^ thin...makes it not reasonable to use the refractive index of SiO^sub 2^ bulk for a film...optical properties including the refractive index of ultra-thin SiO^sub 2^ films...
Refractive index measurements perk up
Magazine article from: InTech; 5/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...between the two media. The refractive index of a medium is the speed of...transmission method of determining refractive index. It is useful in the laboratory...reflection and refraction defines the refractive index of the process fluid. As the...
Probability distributions for the inner scale and the refractive index structure parameter and their implications for flux averaging
Magazine article from: Journal of Applied Meteorology; 9/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...scale (l^sub 0^) and the refractive index structure parameter (C^sup...atmospheric surface layer: the refractive index structure parameter C^sup...turbulence l^sub 0^. The refractive index structure parameter sets the...
A Refractive Index Mapping Operator for Assimilation of Occultation Data
Magazine article from: Monthly Weather Review; 9/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; ...linear, forward-inverse refractive index mapping operator that can be...consists of the integration of the refractive index along finite straight lines...the subsequent retrieval of a refractive index profile, assuming spherical...
Japanese Inventors Develop Radiation Sensitive Refractive Index Changing Composition
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 10/24/2006; 509 words ; ...developed a a radiation sensitive refractive index changing composition. According...Trademark Office: "To provide a refractive index pattern and an optical material...which have a sufficiently large refractive index difference and which are stable...