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Topics related to "Orthography"

U
U 21st letter of the alphabet , corresponding to the Greek upsilon [Gr.,=u without the aspirate]. Until the late Middle Ages the capital was V, the minuscule u, no distinction being made between the consonantal and vocalic uses of the letter. The fixing of modern orthography, however, has rest... Read more
French Academy
French Academy ( L'Académie française ), learned society of France. It is one of the five societies of the Institut de France . Development The origins of the academy were in a coterie of literary men who met informally in Paris in the early 1630s to discuss rhetoric and cr... Read more
Cassiodorus
Cassiodorus (Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator) , c.485-c.585, Roman statesman and author. He held high office under Theodoric the Great and the succeeding Gothic rulers of Italy, who gave him the task of putting into official Latin their state papers and correspondence. These he later c... Read more
Portuguese language
Portuguese language member of the Romance group of the Italic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Romance languages ). It is the mother tongue of about 170 million people, chiefly in Portugal and the Portuguese islands in the Atlantic (11 million speakers); in Brazil (154 milli... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "Orthography"

ORTHOGRAPHY
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language ORTHOGRAPHY [Through FRENCH and LATIN from GREEK...common among scholars of language. The orthography of English has standardized on two systems...than is possible, for example, in the orthography of Scots. See ABBREVIATION , ACRONYM...
TRADITIONAL ORTHOGRAPHY
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language TRADITIONAL ORTHOGRAPHY. Usual short form t.o . A term used especially by SPELLING reformers for the conventional ORTHOGRAPHY of standard English, usually in contrast to proposed replacements. See INITIAL TEACHING ALPHABET .
SIMPLIFIED SPELLING SOCIETY
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language ...x2013;87). A phonetic orthography Between about 1915 and 1924...issued reading books in a phonetic orthography for learners in schools, such...regular system than in traditional orthography (t.o.). Organizational problems...
SPELLING REFORM
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language ...x2018;correct writing’ ( ORTHOGRAPHY ) emerged partly because printers sought...among other things as authorities on orthography, and have strongly influenced the orthographic...Ortografía ( New Norms of Orthography ), recommending that silent initial...
Russian Literature and Language
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World ...recognized as their authors. CIVIL ORTHOGRAPHY, PRINT, AND THE NEW LITERARY LANGUAGE Peter the Great's new civil orthography of 1707 and his aggressive deployment...de Lycidas. Along with the new orthography and the nascent literary language...
Azerbaijani Turks
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Cultures ...Azerbaijan Republic has used the Cyrillic orthography since the late 1930s, after about a decade of Latin orthography, which replaced the earlier Arabo...government plans to reinstate Latin orthography in 1993. Azerbaijani is a language...
French Academy
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...of French literary effort, grammar, orthography, and rhetoric. The membership was...conservative attitude of these books toward orthography, new words, and grammatical development...simply to record forms; legislation on orthography and grammar was made a function of the...
Chechen-Ingush
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Cultures ...literary language and is the basis for the orthography. Chechen and Ingush were not traditionally...separate written languages. Latin orthographies were created in 1923 and replaced by...Cyrillic in 1938. Both Latin and Cyrillic orthographies grossly underdifferentiate the vowel...
INITIAL TEACHING ALPHABET
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language ...are adaptations of forms already occurring in traditional orthography (t.o.), such as the digraphs au , ng , th . When the...appear that the best way to learn to read in traditional orthography is to learn to read in the initial teaching alphabet...
GLASGOW
Book article from: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language ...untraditional ‘phonetic’ and quasi-illiterate orthography, intended to emphasize the demotic character of the speech. An exaggerated variant of this orthography has been favoured by or for the comedians Stanley Baxter and Billy...

Dictionary entries related to "Orthography"

orthography
Book article from: A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture orthography. Elevations of a building or any part of it, showing correct relative proportions.
Ojibwe Language
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History ...as mnemonic devices rather than as modern orthography. In 1848, a syllabic orthography was developed for the Ojibwe language that...there is still no single universally accepted orthography. However, the double-vowel system devised...
Cassiodorus Senator, Flavius Magnus Aurelius
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...and, at the age of ninety-three, composed a work on orthography for the monks who were engaged in transcribing manuscripts...Cassiodorus (London, 1886). Cassiodorus ’ work on orthography was edited by H. Keil in Grammatici latini (Leipzig, 1880...
Kwannon
Book article from: A Dictionary of Buddhism Kwannon. Japanese name of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara in an older form of orthography, now obsolete. Also known as Kannon .
Book of Aneirin
Book article from: A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology ...Aneirin . Transcribed in the middle of the 13th century and now kept in the South Glamorgan County Library; 80 per cent of the orthography is 13th-century, while 20 per cent dates from the 9th and 10th centuries. The manuscript includes the famous poem Gododdin...
Carolingian Schools
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church ...they restored Latin to the position of a literary language, and their scholars were largely responsible for the formation of a more accurate orthography. They also copied and preserved texts of the classics, both Christian and pagan.
Indian Languages
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History ...by white missionaries and anthropologists, but Native speakers have taken responsibility for promulgating standardized orthographies. The strong tradition of orality has given many Indian languages as rigorous a set of conventions about usage as exists...
Codes, Elliott
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...that of his mentor Baird in 1858. A distinctive feature of the Check-List d was Coues ’ s corrections in the orthography and pronunciation of original scientific names, a change he was unable to impose on taxonomy. He was a leader in the trend...
Kaempfer, Engelbert
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...to Latin and vernacular names in Western usage. The on reading is associated with the old Chinese pronunciation, while the kun is the true Japanese pronunciation.) But, because of his orthography of Japanes names and his imperfect
-graph
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology ...formations in -graphy . Some words in -graphy denote processes or styles of writing or graphic representation, as calligraphy , orthography , photography , typography ; but mostly they are names of sciences, as bibliography , geography , lexicography , topography...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Orthography and ideology: issues in Sranan spelling(1).
Magazine article from: Linguistics: an interdisciplinary journal of the language sciences; 9/1/2000; ; 700+ words ; ...Sranan, to argue that orthographies are shaped less by...context where the orthography is used. The most...development of an orthography but are often viewed...I shall argue that orthographies are shaped less by...context where the orthography is used. The most...
Dyslexia speed problems in a transparent orthography
Magazine article from: Annals of Dyslexia; 6/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...other transparent orthographies such as Italian and...deficit * Transparent orthographies Dyslexia speed problems in a transparent orthography Dyslexia is a persistent...a more consistent orthography like German (Frith...learning in more opaque orthographies present higher error...
Reading development and dyslexia in a transparent orthography: a survey of Spanish children
Magazine article from: Annals of Dyslexia; 12/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...depth) to different orthographies according to how they...of mappings between orthography and phonology and in...two more transparent orthographies, mappings between...English, a more opaque orthography, in which there is...
Scholarly symposium hears proposals for revision of Ukrainian orthography
Newspaper article from: Ukrainian Weekly, The; 2/13/2000; ; 517 words ; ...proposals for revision of Ukrainian orthography by Dr. Swiatoslaw Trofimenko...for the revision of Ukrainian orthography. This lengthy and detailed proposal...on work performed by the State Orthography Commission over the course of...
Spelling and Society: The Culture and Politics of Orthography Around the World
Magazine article from: The Journal of American Culture; 6/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...and Politics of Orthography Around the World...for a model of orthography that sees a language...examines established orthographies, developing orthographies, language forms...unregulated space. Orthography being social...
Something old, something new: English orthography in the thirteenth-century South-West Midlands. *.(Critical Essay)
Magazine article from: Studia Anglica Posnaniensia: international review of English Studies; 1/1/1997; ; 700+ words ; ...stage South-West Midland orthographies too are still highly variable...reproduced two sharply distinct orthographies in The Owl and the Nightingale...this collection. The two orthographies of The Owl and the Nightingale...in something resembling orthography I. (5) This is no aberration...
Tashboo Jumagulov: The new edition of orthography is much better than previous ones.
News Wire article from: Times of Central Asia; 6/27/2008; 413 words ; ...improved edition of the Kyrgyz language's orthography. Head of the national commission for...Parliamentarians approved the new edition of orthography yesterday, and Kyrgyzstan, starting...of spelling. The Kyrgyz language's orthography was changed in 2002 for the last time...
The Parker P. McKenzie Kiowa orthography: How written Kiowa came into being
Magazine article from: Plains Anthropologist; 8/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...1999), a Kiowa, developed a written orthography for his tribal language, only the second...of Kiowa. Included are the McKenzie orthography, syllabary, pronunciation guide...McKenzie, Parker P; Kiowa language; orthography. INTRODUCTION In November 1897, members...
Efficacy of an intervention to improve fluency in children with developmental dyslexia in a regular orthography.(Report)
Magazine article from: Journal of Learning Disabilities; 5/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...languages with irregular orthographies, it is the main goal for those with regular orthographies. Cross-linguistic...to assimilate the orthography-phonology rules...languages with regular orthographies such as Norwegian...
From orthography to pedagogy; essays in honor of Richard L. Venezky.(EDUCATION)(Book Review)(Brief Review)
Magazine article from: Reference & Research Book News; 8/1/2005; 519 words ; LB1050 2004-053325 0-8058-5089-9 From orthography to pedagogy; essays in honor of Richard L. Venezky...papers consider such aspects as the exploration of English orthography, how infant-directed speech and infant-directed action...