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Topics related to "Organelle"

amyloplast
amyloplast , also called leucoplast, a nonpigmented organelle, or plastid, occurring in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Amyloplasts transform glucose, a simple sugar, into starch through the process of polymerization, and store starch grains within their stretched membranes. Especially large numbers o... Read more
cytoplasm
cytoplasm The material surrounding the nucleus of a cell. It consists of a matrix (see cytosol) in which the cell's organelles are suspended. The cytoplasm may be differentiated into dense outer ectoplasm, which is concerned primarily with cell movement, and less dense endoplasm, which contains most... Read more
eukaryote
eukaryote , a cell or organism composed of cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts; see cell , in biology) and genetic material organized in chromosomes in which the DNA is combined with histone proteins. Eukaryotes are contrasted with the prokaryotes (... Read more
Monera
Monera taxonomic kingdom that comprises the prokaryotes ( bacteria and cyanobacteria ). Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and usually lack membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts; see cell , in biology). They have a small ring of DNA as thei... Read more
chloroplast
chloroplast , a complex, discrete green structure, or organelle, contained in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Chloroplasts are reponsible for the green color of almost all plants and are lacking only in plants that do not make their own food, such as fungi and nongreen parasitic or saprophytic higher ... Read more
Protista
Protista or Protoctista , in the five-kingdom system of classification, a kingdom comprising a variety of unicellular and some simple multinuclear and multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Protists, which are eukaryotes , have cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus, DNA that is associated with ... Read more
Ciliophora
Ciliophora , phylum in the kingdom Protista consisting of the ciliates, or ciliophores, complex freshwater or saltwater protozoans that swim by the coordinated beating of their cilia—short, hairlike structures that cover the cell surface. Like other protozoans, ciliates are unicellular het... Read more
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion Mitochondria (singular mitochondrion) are abundant organelles present in nearly all eukaryotic cells . The main function of mitochondria is to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cellular energy source. Mitochondria are believed to be the evolutionary result of early anaerobi... Read more
cell
cell in biology, the unit of structure and function of which all plants and animals are composed. The cell is the smallest unit in the living organism that is capable of integrating the essential life processes. There are many unicellular organisms, e.g., bacteria and protozoans , in which the s... Read more
autoimmune disease
autoimmune disease any of a number of abnormal conditions caused when the body produces antibodies to its own substances. In rheumatoid arthritis , a group of antibody molecules called collectively RF, or rheumatoid factor, is complexed to the individual's own gamma globulin blood proteins; the ... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "Organelle"

Eukaryotae
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...endoplasmic reticulum, a kind of cellular highway. An organelle called the Golgi complex then moves the enzymes...certain function. Each of these represents an organelle. An example of an organelle is the mitochondrion, which generates energy...
Nucleus, Cellular
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...Cellular The nucleus is a large membrane – bound cell organelle which houses the chromosomes and which occupies roughly 10...all structures and functions in a cell as encoded in DNA. Organelle — Membrane – bound structures within the...
Cell
Encyclopedia entry from: UXL Encyclopedia of Science ...Eukaryotes have a distinct nucleus and distinct organelles. An organelle is a small structure that performs a specific set of functions...structure that provides for movement in some cells. Golgi body: Organelle that sorts, modifies, and packages molecules. Membrane...
Cellulose
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...of the human digestive tract. Golgi body — The organelle that manufactures, sorts, and transports macromolecules...are synthesized in the plant ’ s Golgi body (an organelle that manufactures, sorts, and transports different macromolecules...
Chloroplast
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...of a chloroplast. The chloroplast is a small lens-shaped organelle, which is enclosed by two membranes with a narrow intermembrane...its ability to reproduce on its own and became an internal organelle, the chloroplast. See also .
Organelles and Subcellular Genetics
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...chloroplast. The replication and the mode of inheritance of organelle genomes are distinct from the nuclear genomes. Mitochondrial...believed to have evolved through endosymbiosis. This model of organelle evolution proposes that eukaryotic cells captured bacteria...
Prokaryote
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...cytoplasm. Some of the eukaryotic organelles, particularly mitochondria (the organelle that contains energy-producing enzymes) and chloroplasts (the organelle that contains photosynthetic enzymes in photosynthetic cells) resemble individual...
chloroplast
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition chloroplast , a complex, discrete green structure, or organelle, contained in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Chloroplasts are reponsible for the green color of almost all plants and are lacking...
Algae
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...meaning their cells have nuclear material of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) organized within a discrete, membrane-bounded organelle known as the nucleus. Virtually all species of algae are photosynthetic. They have a relatively simple anatomy, which can...
Archaebacteria
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...organisms are called the extreme thermophiles. Thermophilic means “ heat KEY TERMS Chloroplast — Green organelle in higher plants and algae in which photosynthesis occurs. Domain — One of the three primary divisions of all living...

Dictionary entries related to "Organelle"

organelle
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences organelle Within a cell, a persistent structure that has a specialized function. In most cases, the organelle is separated from the rest of the cell by selectively permeable membranes.
mitochondrion
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences ...mitochondrion An oval, or occasionally round or thread-shaped, organelle , whose length averages 2μm, and which occurs...inner matrix to varying depths. It is a semi-autonomous organelle containing its own DNA and ribosomes , and reproducing by...
toxicyst
Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology toxicyst In certain protozoa, an organelle which resembles a trichocyst but in which the filament carries a poison that can kill other protozoa. Toxicysts are used for capturing prey.
plastid
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences plastid An organelle that is believed to have evolved from an autotrophic (see AUTOTROPH ) endosymbiont early in plant evolution. Plastids occur in...
centriole
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences centriole In plants, a cylindrical organelle occurring in flagellated or ciliated cells, where it acts as a precursor to the basal body of each flagellum or cilium . Centrioles are absent from higher plants.
chloroplast-DNA
Book article from: A Dictionary of Plant Sciences ...larger, which is found in chloroplasts and other plastids and contains genes involved in the photosynthetic pathway. It is independent of nuclear DNA and is maternally inherited. Between 40 and 80 DNA molecules occur in each organelle .
peroxisome
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology peroxisome A small organelle (a type of microbody ) that is bounded by a single membrane and found in plant and animal cells. It contains enzymes that are...
nucleic acid
Book article from: A Dictionary of Ecology ...forms, designated DNA and RNA, and may be double- or single-stranded. DNA embodies the genetic code of a cell or organelle, while various forms of RNA function in the transcriptional and translational aspects of protein synthesis.
trichocyst
Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology trichocyst A bottle-shaped organelle , analogous to a nematocyst to which it bears a marked resemblance, that is found orientated at right angles to the cell surface...
nucleus
Book article from: A Dictionary of Zoology nucleus The double-membrane-bound organelle containing the chromosomes that is found in most non-dividing eukaryotic cells ; it is essential to their long-term survival...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Stability and Robustness of an Organelle Number Control System: Modeling and Measuring Homeostatic Regulation of Centriole Abundance
Magazine article from: Biophysical Journal; 9/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ABSTRACT Control of organelle abundance is a fundamental unsolved...control have been proposed in which organelle assembly is actively increased or...develop a simple scheme to represent organelle inheritance as a first-order Markov...
Cell organelle employment advertisements.(TRIED AND TRUE)
Magazine article from: Science Scope; 11/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...organelles? If you answered yes, then organelle employment advertisements are just what...must create an employment ad for a cell organelle and give an oral presentation. Students...creatively describe the function of a cell organelle and how it contributes to the overall...
Organelle discovery challenges theory, could yield targeted disease treatment.
Newspaper article from: Biotech Week; 7/9/2003; 700+ words ; ...pathogenic soil bacterium have found an organelle, a subcellular pouch, existing independently...many disease-causing organisms. "The organelle we found in the bacterium Agrobacterium...tumefaciens is practically identical to the organelle called acidocalcisome in unicellular...
Organelle enrichment improves proteomic tissue analysis.
Newspaper article from: Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week; 8/14/2004; 700+ words ; ...NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Organelle enrichment can improve the results of...obtained from ALS denaturation for both organelle enrichment and whole cell lysate samples...overlap) identified." "As expected, organelle enrichment enabled the identification...
Rational analyses of organelle trajectories in tobacco pollen tubes reveal characteristics of the actomyosin cytoskeleton
Magazine article from: Biophysical Journal; 3/1/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...gain insight into the characteristics of organelle movement and the underlying actomyosin...collected data points representing sequential organelle positions in control and cytochalasintreated...900 tracks, representing individual organelle movements, and to produce a quantitative...
Organelle proteomics.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
Magazine article from: SciTech Book News; 6/1/2008; 500 words ; 9781588297792 Organelle proteomics. Ed. by Delphine Pflieger...of the protein list assigned to an organelle. It presents detailed protocols with...by-step instructions for studying organelle proteomes by performing the purification...
Nonperturbative Chemical Imaging of Organelle Transport in Living Cells with Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy
Magazine article from: Biophysical Journal; 7/15/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...Nonperturbative monitoring of intracellular organelle transport in unstained living cells was...avoid possible interference with the organelle transport introduced by laser radiation...the cells can cause profound changes in organelle transport. To monitor organelle transport...
Organelle Gets New Gig Edging Macrophage's Presumed Billet Engulfing Pathogenic Garbage.
Magazine article from: BIOWORLD Today; 11/4/2009; 700+ words ; ...reticulum," he explained, "is a membrane organelle that is inside the cell. There are a...Affair With Microbe "So it's not an organelle that's supposedly involved in phagocytosis...plasma membrane. It's believed to be an organelle that has other roles to play. "And...
Organelle Diseases: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Management
Magazine article from: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; 5/1/2000; ; 597 words ; Organelle Diseases: Clinical Features, Diagnosis...documents the status of therapy for organelle disorders in 1996. Although this is...and thorough review of the status of organelle diseases in 1996. Applegarth's introduction...
Organelle DNA diversity among buffalograsses from the Great Plains of North America determined by cpDNA and mtDNA RFLPs.(Crop Physiology & Metabolism)
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 1/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; ...products. Either specifically extracted organelle DNAs or total DNA extractions can be...was initiated to evaluate the level of organelle DNA diversity among buffalograss genotypes...mode of inheritance of the chloroplast organelle, using cpDNA and mtDNA PCR-RFLPs...