|
Mongols
Mongols , Asian people, numbering about 6 million and distributed mainly in the Republic of Mongolia, the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China, and Kalmykia and the Buryat Republic of Russia. Traditionally the Mongols were a predominantly pastoral people, following their herds of horses, cattl...
Read more
|
|
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (1162–1227), founder of the Mongol empire; born Temujin. He took the name Genghis Khan (‘ruler of all’) in 1206 after uniting the nomadic Mongol tribes, and by the time of his death his empire extended from China to the Black Sea; his grandson Kublai Khan complet...
Read more
|
|
Yüan
Yüan , Mongol dynasty of China that ruled from 1271 to 1368. It was a division of the great empire conquered by the Mongols . Kublai Khan , who adopted the Chinese dynastic name Yüan in 1271, swept down from N China, which the Mongols had ruled since the 1230s, and finally defeated the S...
Read more
|
|
Batu Khan
Batu Khan , d. 1255, Mongol leader; a grandson of Jenghiz Khan. In 1235 Batu became commander of the Mongol army assigned to the conquest of Europe; his chief general was Subutai. Batu crossed the Volga, sending part of his force to Bulgaria but most of it to Russia. By 1240 he had Moscow and Kiev i...
Read more
|
|
Karakorum
Karakorum , ruined city, central Republic of Mongolia, near the Orkhon River, SW of Ulaanbaatar. The area around Karakorum had been inhabited by nomadic Turkic tribes from the 1st cent. AD, but the city itself was not laid out until c.1220, when Jenghiz Khan, founder of the Mongol empire, establishe...
Read more
|
|
Hulagu Khan
Hulagu Khan , 1217-65, Mongol conqueror, grandson of Jenghiz Khan. His brother Mangu, grand khan of the Mongols, directed him to quell a revolt in Persia. In 1256, in the course of his successful campaign, his forces virtually exterminated the powerful Assassin sect. Moving west to enlarge his con...
Read more
|
|
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area or Aga Buryat , former administrative division, S Siberian Russia, in what is now the Transbaykal Territory. Aginskoye was the capital. Formed in 1937, the area followed the Onon River. Buryats, Buddhist descendants of the Mongols, made up about 54% of the area's popu...
Read more
|
|
Dmitri Donskoi
Dmitri Donskoi , 1350-89, Russian hero, grand duke of Moscow (1359-89). He successfully resisted Lithuanian attempts to invade Moscow, and was the first Russian prince since the Mongol conquest who dared to wage open war on the Tatars . His great victory at Kulikovo (1380) made him a popular Russ...
Read more
|
|
Empire of the Golden Horde
Empire of the Golden Horde Mongol state comprising most of Russia, given as an appanage to Jenghiz Khan's oldest son, Juchi, and actually conquered and founded in the mid-13th cent. by Juchi's son, Batu Khan , after the Mongol or Tatar (see Tatars ) conquest of Russia. The name was derived from t...
Read more
|
|
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan , 1215-94, Mongol emperor, founder of the Yüan dynasty of China. From 1251 to 1259 he led military campaigns in S China. He succeeded (1260) his brother Mongke (Mangu) as khan of the empire that their grandfather Jenghiz Khan had founded. The empire reached its greatest territoria...
Read more
|