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gavotte
gavotte , originally a peasant dance of the Gavots in upper Dauphiné, France. A type of circle dance characterized by lively, skipping steps, it was introduced at the court of Louis XIV and was used by Lully in his ballets and operas and by François Couperin and J. S. Bach in their key...
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James FitzJames Berwick, duke of
James FitzJames Berwick, duke of , 1670-1734, marshal of France; illegitimate son of King James II of England and Arabella Churchill, sister of the duke of Marlborough. Born and educated in France, he fought in Hungary against the Ottoman Turks. In 1687, his father, who had ascended the English thro...
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Louis
Louis 1682-1712, titular duke of Burgundy; grandson of King Louis XIV of France. He became heir to the throne on the death (1711) of his father, Louis the Great Dauphin. François de Fénelon was his tutor and wrote Télémaque for his use. Louis was the rallying point o...
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Peace of the Pyrenees
Peace of the Pyrenees 1659, treaty ending the warfare between France and Spain that, continuing after the Peace of Westphalia, had been complicated by French intervention in the revolt of the Catalans (1640-52) and by Spanish intervention in the Fronde . Together with the Peace of Westphalia, it m...
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Mary of Modena
Mary of Modena , 1658-1718, queen consort of James II of England; daughter of Alfonso IV, duke of Modena. Her marriage (1673) to James, then duke of York, was brought about through the influence of Louis XIV of France. Mary was a devout Roman Catholic and therefore unpopular in Protestant England....
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Peace of Utrecht
Peace of Utrecht series of treaties that concluded the War of the Spanish Succession . It put an end to French expansion and signaled the rise of the British Empire. By the treaty between England and France (Apr. 11, 1713), Louis XIV recognized the English succession as established in the house of...
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Triple Alliance
Triple Alliance in European history, any of several coalitions. 1 The Triple Alliance of 1668 was formed by the Netherlands, England, and Sweden against France after Louis XIV had invaded the Spanish Netherlands in the War of Devolution . Largely because of the initiative of the Dutch statesman ...
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Trianon
Trianon , two small châteaux in the park of Versailles , Seine-et-Oise dept., N France. The Grand Trianon was built by J. H. Mansart in 1687 for Louis XIV; Napoleon I sometimes used it as a retreat. The Petit Trianon was built in 1762 by J. A. Gabriel for Louis XV. It was a favorite residence...
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Treaty of Ryswick
Treaty of Ryswick 1697, the pact that ended the War of the Grand Alliance . Its signers were France on one side and England, Spain, and the Netherlands on the other. It was a setback for Louis XIV , who kept Strasbourg but lost most other conquests made after 1679. Commercial concessions were gra...
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Alsace
Alsace , Ger. Elsass, region and former province, E France. It is separated from Germany by a part of the Rhine River. It comprises the departments of Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin, and the Territory of Belfort (a department created after the Franco-Prussian War when the rest of Alsace was annexed by German...
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