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Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (1162–1227), founder of the Mongol empire; born Temujin. He took the name Genghis Khan (‘ruler of all’) in 1206 after uniting the nomadic Mongol tribes, and by the time of his death his empire extended from China to the Black Sea; his grandson Kublai Khan complet...
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Karim Khan
Karim Khan , d. 1779, ruler of Persia (1750-79), founder of the Zand dynasty. He emerged victorious from a contest for power and ruled under the title Vakil [representative]. His rule was one of tranquility, and he made Shiraz, his capital, beautiful with buildings including the Mosque of Vakil and ...
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Hulagu Khan
Hulagu Khan , 1217-65, Mongol conqueror, grandson of Jenghiz Khan. His brother Mangu, grand khan of the Mongols, directed him to quell a revolt in Persia. In 1256, in the course of his successful campaign, his forces virtually exterminated the powerful Assassin sect. Moving west to enlarge his con...
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Aga Khan
Aga Khan , the title of the religious leader and imam of the Ismaili Nizari sect of Islam, originally bestowed by the Persian shah Fath Ali on Hasan Ali Shah, 1800-1881, the 46th Ismaili imam, in 1818. The first Aga Khan was also appointed as the governor of the province of Kirman, a position he...
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Batu Khan
Batu Khan , d. 1255, Mongol leader; a grandson of Jenghiz Khan. In 1235 Batu became commander of the Mongol army assigned to the conquest of Europe; his chief general was Subutai. Batu crossed the Volga, sending part of his force to Bulgaria but most of it to Russia. By 1240 he had Moscow and Kiev i...
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Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan , 1215-94, Mongol emperor, founder of the Yüan dynasty of China. From 1251 to 1259 he led military campaigns in S China. He succeeded (1260) his brother Mongke (Mangu) as khan of the empire that their grandfather Jenghiz Khan had founded. The empire reached its greatest territoria...
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Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan
Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan , 1917-80, Pakistani general and president (1969-71). He fought with the British in World War II, and rose through the Pakistan army following independence, becoming chief of the general staff (1957-62) and helping to bring General Ayub Khan to power. Yahya Khan performed ...
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Aga Muhammad Khan
Aga Muhammad Khan or Agha Muhammad Khan , 1742-97, shah of Persia, founder of the Qajar dynasty. He was emasculated by family enemies at the age of five. He was vigorous and able, but his cruelty is proverbial. In 1794, he captured and killed the last ruler of the Zand dynasty (see Iran ) and e...
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Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan
Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan , 1817-98, Indian Muslim educator. His family was long connected with the Mughal court, but he entered the service of the British East India Company. Convinced of the futility of revolt, he remained loyal to the British during the Indian Mutiny and saved the lives of many Eur...
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Muhammad Ayub Khan
Muhammad Ayub Khan , 1907-74, military leader and president (1958-69) of Pakistan. He was commissioned in the British Indian army in 1928 and saw active service as a battalion commander in World War II. After 1947, when the state of Pakistan was created, he assumed command of military forces in East...
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