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Jean-Paul Belmondo
Jean-Paul Belmondo , 1933-, French film actor, b. Neuilly-sur-Seine, studied Paris Conservatory. Belmondo made his film debut in 1957, but first gained fame in Breathless (1960), playing a restless, flippant young hoodlum. His particularly disengaged style appealed to young audiences of the day, m...
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Jean Paul Getty
Jean Paul Getty 1892-1976, American business executive, one of the richest men in the world during his life, b. Minneapolis, Minn. He inherited his father's oil business, George F. Getty, Inc., becoming its president and general manager in 1930. When it was reorganized (1956) as the Getty Oil Compa...
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Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Sartre , 1905-80, French philosopher, playwright, and novelist. Influenced by German philosophy, particularly that of Heidegger , Sartre was a leading exponent of 20th-century existentialism . His writings examine man as a responsible but lonely being, burdened with a terrifying freedom ...
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Jean Paul Marat
Jean Paul Marat , 1743-93, French revolutionary, b. Switzerland. He studied medicine in England, acquired some repute as a doctor in London and Paris, and wrote scientific and medical works (some in English), but was frustrated in his attempts to win official recognition for his work. His Philosoph...
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Jean Giraudoux
Jean Giraudoux , 1882-1944, French novelist and dramatist. He was a prolific writer and combined his literary work with a long and successful diplomatic career. His early novels, which display his impressionistic, fanciful style, include Les Provinciales (1909) and Suzanne and the Pacific (1921,...
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Johann Paul Friedrich Richter
Johann Paul Friedrich Richter , pseud. Jean Paul, 1763-1825, German novelist. He studied theology at the Univ. of Leipzig and later taught in that city. His novels combine the idealism of Fichte with the romantic sentimentality of Sturm und Drang . Among his romances are Hesperus (1795, tr. 1...
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Jean-Antoine Houdon
Jean-Antoine Houdon , 1741-1828, French neoclassical sculptor. He studied with Michel Ange Slodtz, Lemoyne , and Pigalle , took the Prix de Rome at the age of 20, and spent four years in Italy. Many of his later works reveal his study of classical form, e.g., the marble Diana (St. Petersburg) an...
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Jean François Paul de Gondi Retz, Cardinal de
Jean François Paul de Gondi Retz, Cardinal de , 1613-79, French prelate and political leader. He was made (1643) coadjutor to his uncle, the archbishop of Paris. An enemy of Cardinal Mazarin, chief minister for the regent Anne of Austria , Retz was prominent in the Fronde against him. To w...
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motion pictures
motion pictures movie-making as an art and an industry, including its production techniques, its creative artists, and the distribution and exhibition of its products (see also motion picture photography ; Motion Picture Cameras under camera ).
Origins
Experiments in photographing mov...
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Charlotte Corday
Charlotte Corday (Marie Anne Charlotte Corday d'Armont) , 1768-93, assassin of Jean Paul Marat . Although of aristocratic background, she sympathized with the Girondists in the French Revolution and felt that Marat, in his persecution of the Girondists, was acting as the evil genius of France. ...
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