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Islam
Islam , [Arab.,=submission to God], world religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad. Founded in the 7th cent., Islam is the youngest of the three monotheistic world religions (with Judaism and Christianity). An adherent to Islam is a Muslim [Arab.,=one who submits].
Believers Worldwide
Ther...
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Nation of Islam
Nation of Islam Splinter group of the BLACK MUSLIM MOVEMENT, formed in 1985 by the radical African-American preacher Louis Farrakhan (1933– ) who trained as a teacher and was converted to Islam by MALCOLM X. The Nation of Islam was the original name of the Black Muslims (disbanded in...
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Islamic art and architecture
Islamic art and architecture works of art and architecture created in countries where Islam has been dominant and embodying Muslim precepts in its themes.
Background
In the century after the death (AD 632) of the prophet Muhammad, his Arab followers spread his teachings through Egypt and ...
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Muslim
Muslim [Arab.,=one who surrenders (himself to God), an agent form of the verb of which Islam is a verbal noun], one who has embraced Islam, a follower of Muhammad . The form Moslem is also common in English; the term Mussulman is now rarely used.
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hadith
hadith , a tradition or the collection of the traditions of Muhammad , the Prophet of Islam, including his sayings and deeds, and his tacit approval of what was said or done in his presence. The term, which literally refers to an individual tradition, is also used as a synonym of sunna, the norma...
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Abbas
Abbas , d. 653, uncle of Muhammad the Prophet and of Ali the caliph. A wealthy merchant of Mecca, he was at first opposed to the religious movement initiated by his nephew Muhammad. In 629 he became a convert, however, and from then on he was a companion of Muhammad and the chief financial suppo...
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al- Ghazali
al- Ghazali , 1058-1111, Islamic theologian, philosopher, and mystic. He was born at Tus in Khorasan, of Persian origin. He is considered the greatest theologian in Islam. Al-Ghazali was appointed professor at Baghdad in 1091, but following a spiritual crisis in 1095 he abandoned his career to becom...
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Black Muslims
Black Muslims African-American religious movement in the United States, split since the late 1970s into the American Society of Muslims and the Nation of Islam. The original group was founded (1930) in Detroit by Wali Farad (or W. D. Fard), whom his followers believed to be "Allah in person." W...
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sharia
sharia the religious law of Islam. As Islam makes no distinction between religion and life, Islamic law covers not only ritual but many aspects of life. The actual codification of canonic law is the result of the concurrent evolution of jurisprudence proper and the so-called science of the roots of...
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Allah
Allah , [Arab.,=the God]. Derived from an old Semitic root refering to the Divine and used in the Canaanite El, the Mesopotamian ilu, and the biblical Elohim, the word Allah is used by all Arabic-speaking Muslims, Christians, Jews, and others. Allah, as a deity, was probably known in pre-Isl...
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