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Haakon IV
Haakon IV (Haakon Haakonsson), 1204-63, king of Norway (1217-63), illegitimate son of Haakon III and grandson of Sverre. Secretly reared by the Birkebeiner faction (see Sverre ), he was chosen king (1217) on the death of Haakon III's successor, King Inge. Haakon Haakonsson overcame the rival claim...
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Haakon VII
Haakon VII 1872-1957, king of Norway (1905-57). Formerly Prince Charles, second son of King Frederick VIII of Denmark, he was elected by the Storting to the throne on the separation of Norway from Sweden in 1905 and took the name Haakon. He married Princess Maud, the daughter of Edward VII of Engla...
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Olaf II
Olaf II (Saint Olaf), c.995-1030, king of Norway (1015-28). He is also called Olaf the Stout or Olaf the Fat. He spent part of his early life in England and helped Æthelred fight the Danes. He was converted to Christianity, and when he returned (1015) to Norway he zealously tried to Christian...
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Christian X
Christian X 1870-1947, king of Denmark (1912-47) and Iceland (1912-44), son and successor of Frederick VIII and brother of King Haakon VII of Norway. He granted (1915) a new constitution that included the enfranchisement of women. During the German occupation (1940-45) of Denmark, the king defi...
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Alexander III
Alexander III 1241-86, king of Scotland (1249-86), son and successor of Alexander II . He married a daughter of Henry III of England and quarreled with Henry, and later Henry's son Edward I , over the old English claims to overlordship in Scotland. The great achievement of Alexander was his fin...
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Harold I
Harold I or Harold Fairhair, Norse Harald Haarfager, c.850-c.933, first king of Norway, son of Halfdan the Black, king of Vestfold (SE Norway). After succeeding his father, Harold initiated a series of battles against the other petty kings, climaxed by a great victory at Hafrs Fjord (872) tha...
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Olaf I
Olaf I (Olaf Tryggvason) , c.963-1000, king of Norway (995-1000), great-grandson of Harold I. His early life of exile and slavery is surrounded with romantic legend, and little is definitely known of it. He aided his father-in-law, the duke of Poland, in war and took part in harrying the English c...
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Snorri Sturluson
Snorri Sturluson , 1178-1241, Icelandic chieftain, historian, critic, and saga teller, the leading figure in medieval Norse literature. He was the author of the invaluable Prose Edda (see Edda ), a treatise on the art of poetry and a compendium of Norse mythology. His great saga the Heimskringla...
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Bergen
Bergen , city (1995 pop. 221,645), capital of Hordaland co., SW Norway, situated on inlets of the North Sea. It is Norway's second largest city and a major shipping center. Formerly a major textile and ship-building center, the city's economy is now mainly service-based, including educational, medic...
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Trondheim
Trondheim , city (1995 pop. 142,792), capital of Sør-Trøndelag co., central Norway, a port on the Trondheimsfjord (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean). It is also known by its original name, Nidaros. The third largest city of Norway, it is a commercial, industrial, and shipping center. Manuf...
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