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Francisco Pacheco
Francisco Pacheco , c.1564-1654, Spanish portrait and religious painter. Although fine examples of his work are in the galleries of Madrid and Seville, he is best known as the instructor and father-in-law of Velázquez and as the author of Arte de la pintura (1649), which contains interestin...
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Francisco de Ibarra
Francisco de Ibarra , 1539?-1575, Spanish conquistador in Mexico. In 1554, after founding Fresnillo , he headed an expedition to the N of Zacatecas. For the next 20 years he explored, founded settlements, and exploited mines in the vast region comprising present-day Durango, Chihuahua, and part of ...
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Cristóbal Vaca de Castro
Cristóbal Vaca de Castro , fl. 1540-45, Spanish colonial administrator in Peru. A judge of the royal audiencia at Valladolid, he was chosen by Charles V to restore order between the Pizarro and the Almagro factions. He was a man of integrity, sagacity, and courage. Arriving in 1541 and learni...
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Francisco de Herrera
Francisco de Herrera , c.1576-1656, Spanish painter, engraver, miniaturist, and draftsman. He worked in Seville most of his life, executing religious and genre subjects. His style is broad and dynamic, with powerful accents of light and dark and expressive distortions. Herrera's most famous works ar...
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San Francisco
San Francisco , city (1990 pop. 723,959), coextensive with San Francisco co., W Calif., on the tip of a peninsula between the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay, which are connected by the strait known as the Golden Gate; inc. 1850. The city is the heart of the San Francisco Bay region and with Oak...
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Diego de Almagro
Diego de Almagro , c.1475-1538, Spanish conquistador, a leader in the conquest of Peru. A partner of Francisco Pizarro , he took part in the first (1524) and second (1526-28) expeditions and in the bloody subjugation of the Incas after 1532. He aided (1534) Benalcázar in thwarting Pedro de...
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Juan Bautista de Anza
Juan Bautista de Anza , 1735-88, Spanish explorer and official in the Southwest and the far West, reputed founder of San Francisco, b. Mexico. Accompanied by Father F. T. H. Garcés and a small expedition, he opened (1774) an overland road from Sonora through present-day Arizona to California,...
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Marcos de Niza
Marcos de Niza , c.1495-1558, missionary explorer in Spanish North America. A Franciscan friar, he served in Peru and Guatemala before going to Mexico. There he headed an expedition (1539) planned by Antonio de Mendoza , who had been excited by Cabeza de Vaca's stories of rich Native American puebl...
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Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros
Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros , 1436-1517, Spanish prelate and statesman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. An austere Franciscan, he was appointed (1492) confessor to Queen Isabella I and later became (1495) archbishop of Toledo. He undertook the forcible conversion of the Moors in Gran...
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Alonso de Ojeda
Alonso de Ojeda , c.1466-1515?, Spanish conquistador. He joined Columbus on his second voyage and in 1499—at first accompanied by Vespucci —explored the northeastern coast of South America. In 1508 he was made governor of territories of N South America. Near present Cartagena he was def...
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