|
Dreyfus Affair
Dreyfus Affair , the controversy that occurred with the treason conviction (1894) of Capt. Alfred Dreyfus (1859-1935), a French general staff officer.
The Case
The case arose when a French spy in the German embassy discovered a handwritten bordereau [schedule], received by Major Max von ...
Read more
|
|
Ruth Gordon
Ruth Gordon 1896-1985, American actress and playwright, b. Wollaston, Mass. From her debut as Nibs in Peter Pan (1915), Gordon's career encompassed broad stage and film experience. Among the plays she wrote are Over Twenty-One, Years Ago, and The Leading Lady. She and her husband, the playwri...
Read more
|
|
Concordat of 1801
Concordat of 1801 agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII that reestablished the Roman Catholic Church in France. Napoleon took the initiative in negotiating this agreement; he recognized that reconciliation with the church was politic. It would help consolidate his position, end the...
Read more
|
|
Concordat of 1801
Concordat of 1801 agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII that reestablished the Roman Catholic Church in France. Napoleon took the initiative in negotiating this agreement; he recognized that reconciliation with the church was politic. It would help consolidate his position, end the...
Read more
|
|
Theodor Herzl
Theodor Herzl , 1860-1904, Hungarian Jew, founder of modern Zionism . Sent to Paris as a correspondent for the Vienna Neue Frei Presse, he reported on the Dreyfus affair. Appalled by the vicious anti-Semitism he observed, he decided that Jewish assimilation in Europe was impossible and that the o...
Read more
|
|
Edmund Husserl
Edmund Husserl , 1859-1938, German philosopher, founder of the phenomenological movement (see phenomenology ). He was professor at Göttingen and Freiburg and was greatly influenced by Franz Brentano. His philosophy is a descriptive study of consciousness for the purpose of discovering the stru...
Read more
|
|
Roger Martin du Gard
Roger Martin du Gard , 1881-1958, French novelist. Long associated with the Nouvelle Revue française, he first gained recognition with Jean Barois (1913), a novel of France during the Dreyfus Affair . His fame, however, rests chiefly on his eight-part novel cycle The World of the Thibau...
Read more
|
|
Georges Clemenceau
Georges Clemenceau , 1841-1929, French political figure, twice premier (1906-9, 1917-20), called "the Tiger." He was trained as a doctor, but his republicanism brought him into conflict with the government of Napoleon III, and he went to the United States, where he spent several years as a journ...
Read more
|
|
Léon Blum
Léon Blum , 1872-1950, French Socialist leader and writer. Well established in literary circles, he entered politics during the Dreyfus Affair and rose to party leadership. In 1936 he brought about the coalition of Radical Socialists, Socialists, and Communists in the Popular Front, which w...
Read more
|
|
Michel Foucault
Michel Foucault 1926-84, French philosopher and historian. He was professor at the Collège de France (1970-84). He is renowned for historical studies that reveal the sometimes morally disturbing power relations inherent in social practices. Influenced by Nietzsche , he called these studies,...
Read more
|