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Virginia
Virginia in Roman legend, daughter of the centurion Virginius. Her father stabbed her to save her from the lust of Appius Claudius Crassus, decemvir. This precipitated the fall of the decemvirs. The story occurs often in literature.
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Scaevola
Scaevola (Quintus Mucius Scaevola), d. 82 BC, Roman jurist. He was tribune of the people (106 BC) and consul (95 BC) with Lucius Licinius Crassus (see under Crassus , family); together they collaborated on a law that caused a purge of the rolls of citizenship. The wholesale disfranchisement of all...
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Spartacus
Spartacus , d. 71 BC, leader in an ancient Italian slave revolt, b. Thrace. He broke out (73 BC) of a gladiators' school at Capua and fled to Mt. Vesuvius, where many fugitives joined him. Their army defeated several Roman forces and moved north, devastating S Italy and Campania; Spartacus' aim was ...
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Triumvirate
Triumvirate , in ancient Rome, ruling board or commission of three men. Triumvirates were common in the Roman republic. The First Triumvirate was the alliance of Julius Caesar , Pompey , and Marcus Licinius Crassus formed in 60 BC This was not strictly a triumvirate, since the alliance had no ...
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Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar (Caius Julius Caesar), 100? BC-44 BC, Roman statesman and general.
Rise to Power
Although he was born into the Julian gens, one of the oldest patrician families in Rome, Caesar was always a member of the democratic or popular party. He benefited from the patronage of his unc...
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Claudius
Claudius ancient Roman gens. Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillenis or Regillensis was a Sabine; he came (c.504 BC) with his tribe to Rome. While consul (495), his severe interpretation of the laws of debt caused the temporary emigration of the general citizenry (the plebs , as distinct from the ...
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legion
legion large unit of the Roman army. It came into prominence c.400 BC It originally consisted of 3,000 to 4,000 men drawn into eight ranks: the first six ranks, called hoplites, were heavily armed, while the last two, called velites, were only lightly armed. Marcus Furius Camillus is traditionally ...
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Parthia
Parthia , ancient country of Asia, SE of the Caspian Sea. In its narrowest limits it consisted of a mountainous region intersected with fertile valleys, lying S of Hyrcania and corresponding roughly to the modern Iranian province of Khorasan. It was included in the Assyrian and Persian empires, the ...
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Pompey
Pompey (Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus) , 106 BC-48 BC, Roman general, the rival of Julius Caesar . Sometimes called Pompey the Great, he was the son of Cnaeus Pompeius Strabo (consul in 89 BC), a commander of equivocal reputation. The young Pompey fought for Sulla in Picenum, in Sicily, and in Africa ...
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Rome
Rome Ital. Roma, city (1991 pop. 2,775,250), capital of Italy and see of the pope, whose residence, Vatican City , is a sovereign state within the city of Rome. Rome is also the capital of Latium, a region of central Italy, and of Rome prov. It lies on both banks of the Tiber and its affluent, t...
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