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child abuse
child abuse physical, sexual, or emotional maltreatment or neglect of children by parents, guardians, or others responsible for a child's welfare. Physical abuse is characterized by physical injury, usually inflicted as a result of a beating or inappropriately harsh discipline. Sexual abuse include...
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child labor
child labor use of the young as workers in factories, farms, and mines. Child labor was first recognized as a social problem with the introduction of the factory system in late 18th-century Great Britain. Children had formerly been apprenticed (see apprenticeship ) or had worked in the family, but...
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Childe Hassam
Childe Hassam (Frederick Childe Hassam) , 1859-1935, American painter and printmaker, b. Boston, studied in Paris. With their flickering light and airy palette, Hassam's sprightly landscapes, cityscapes, and interiors show the strong influence of late 19th-century French painting, and he is probab...
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Francis James Child
Francis James Child 1825-96, American scholar, b. Boston, grad. Harvard, 1846. At Harvard he was professor of rhetoric (1851-76) and English literature (1876-96). He greatly influenced modern methods of Chaucer study. He is best known, however, for his English and Scottish Popular Ballads (5 vol....
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Lydia Maria Child
Lydia Maria Child 1802-80, American author and abolitionist, b. Lydia Maria Francis, Medford, Mass. She edited (1826-34) the Juvenile Miscellany, a children's periodical. She and her husband (David Lee Child, whom she married in 1828) were devoted to the antislavery cause; she wrote widely read p...
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Vere Gordon Childe
Vere Gordon Childe 1892-1957, British archaeologist, b. Australia. An Oxford graduate, he taught at the Univ. of Edinburgh (1927-46) and the Univ. of London (1946-56). He gained renown for his monumental synthesis of European prehistory, The Dawn of European Civilization (1925, 6th ed. 1957), and...
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William Childs Westmoreland
William Childs Westmoreland 1914-2005, U.S. general, b. Spartanburg co., S.C. He graduated from West Point in 1936 and fought with distinction in North Africa and Europe during World War II and later (1952-53) in Korea. After serving (1960-64) as superintendent of West Point, Westmoreland attained ...
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Saint Christopher
Saint Christopher [Gr.,=Christ bearer], 3d cent.?, martyr of Asia Minor. His characteristic legend is that one day when he was carrying a little child over a river, he felt the child's weight almost too great to bear. The child was Jesus, carrying the world in his hands. Hence St. Christopher is us...
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Immanuel
Immanuel or Emmanuel [Heb.,=God with us], in the Book of Isaiah, name given to the child who would be a sign to Judah of her deliverance. In the Gospel of St. Matthew it is given as a name of Jesus.
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Grace Abbott
Grace Abbott 1878-1939, American social worker, b. Grand Island, Nebr. She did notable work as director (1921-34) of the Child Labor Division of the U.S. Children's Bureau. The Child and the State (2 vol., 1938) is her most important publication. Her sister, Edith Abbott, 1876-1957, became dean...
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