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auteur
auteur , in film criticism, a director who so dominates the film-making process that it is appropriate to call the director the auteur, or author, of the motion picture. The auteur theory holds that the director is the primary person responsible for the creation of a motion picture and imbues it wit...
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Lon Chaney
Lon Chaney , 1883-1930, American film actor, b. Colorado Springs, Colo. Chaney was the son of deaf-mute parents. He made more than 150 silent films. A master of the use of grotesque, distorting makeup, he is best remembered for his work in horror films such as The Phantom of the Opera (1925). His ...
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American Film Institute
American Film Institute (AFI), nonprofit organization established in Washington, D.C., in 1967 by the National Endowment for the Arts to preserve and catalog American films and television, to provide work grants for new and established filmmakers, and to increase recognition and understanding of th...
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Alan Jay Lerner
Alan Jay Lerner 1918-86, American lyricist and librettist, b. New York City. After two years as a radio scriptwriter, Lerner began an association with the composer Frederick Loewe that resulted in several popular musicals, including Brigadoon (1947, film 1954), Paint Your Wagon (1951, film 1969...
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Joshua Logan
Joshua Logan 1908-88, American theatrical and film director and writer, b. Texarkana, Tex. He directed several successes in New York, including Knickerbocker Holiday (1938) and Annie Get Your Gun (1946). Later he was director, producer, and coauthor of Mr. Roberts (1948), South Pacific (194...
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William Powell
William Powell 1892-1984, American movie actor, b. Pittsburgh. Powell made his stage debut in 1912. He played the dapper villain in such early films as Sherlock Holmes (1921), Romola (1924), and Beau Geste (1926). In sound films, his sonorous voice and elegant manner made him more popular as ...
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Luchino Visconti
Luchino Visconti , 1906-76, Italian film director and writer, b. Milan as Luchino Visconti de Modrone. One of Italy's most acclaimed directors, Visconti has been called the father of neorealism for his early films Ossessione (1942) and La terra trema (1948). His increasingly lavish productions c...
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Sir Carol Reed
Sir Carol Reed 1906-76, English film director, b. London. He acted and directed on the stage before turning to films in the mid-1930s. Reed powerfully portrayed characters at the end of their tethers, frequently in a postwar environment, in films such as Odd Man Out (1946), The Fallen Idol (194...
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Liv Ullmann
Liv Ullmann 1939-, Norwegian stage and film actress, b. Japan. She is best known for her roles in nine films directed by Ingmar Bergman , e.g., Persona (1966), Shame (1968), Cries and Whispers (1972), and Autumn Sonata (1978). Ullmann began directing with the Danish film Sofie (1992) and...
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Robert Bresson
Robert Bresson , 1901-99, French film director and scriptwriter, b. Bromont-Lamottie, France. Bresson's films tend to be austere, unadorned, and concerned more with intellectual and spriritual values than plot or character. He evinced a unique aesthetic and spiritual approach to cinema in the 13 fil...
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