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Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione , 1610?-1670, Italian painter and engraver of the Genoese school, called Il Grechetto. In his later years Castiglione was court painter at Mantua. He is best known for his landscapes and rural scenes with animals, but he also painted portraits and religious works, such...
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Baldassare Castiglione, Conte
Baldassare Castiglione, Conte , 1478-1529, Italian soldier, author, and statesman attached to the court of the duke of Milan and later in the service of the duke of Urbino. His famous Libro del cortegiano (1528, tr. The Courtier, 1561), a treatise on etiquette, social problems, and intellectual ...
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Montefeltro
Montefeltro , Italian noble family. Its members were noted patrons of art and traditionally opposed the papacy in the struggle between Guelphs and Ghibellines . The county of Montefeltro (created c.1154) included parts of Romagna, the Marches, and San Marino. Oddantonio Montefeltro (d. 1444) was th...
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Masolino da Panicale
Masolino da Panicale , 1383-c.1447, Florentine painter of the early Renaissance, whose real name was Tommaso di Cristoforo Fini. His versatile painting incorporated his feeling for decorative color with strong modeling and spatial organization. He was admitted (1423) to the apothecaries' guild in Fl...
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Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Conte
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Conte , 1463-94, Italian philosopher and humanist. To many in the age of the Renaissance, Pico was the ideal man, whose physical beauty reflected his inner harmony. He appears in Il Cortegiano of Baldassare Castiglione. In 1484 he went to Florence where he soon becam...
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Umbria
Umbria , region (1991 pop. 811,831), 3,265 sq mi (8,456 sq km), central Italy. Perugia is the capital of the landlocked region, which is divided into the provinces of Perugia and Terni (named for their capitals). Crossed by the Apennines in the east, Umbria is almost entirely mountainous or hilly....
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translation
translation [Lat.,=carrying across], the rendering of a text into another language. Applied to literature, the term connotes the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor, or of finding an analogous substitute, for example, Scott Moncrieff's Remembrance of Th...
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Raphael Santi
Raphael Santi or Raphael Sanzio, Ital. Raffaello Santi or Raffaello Sanzio , 1483-1520, major Italian Renaissance painter, b. Urbino. In Raphael's work is the clearest expression of the exquisite harmony and balance of High Renaissance composition.
Early Training, Influence, and Work
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Renaissance
Renaissance [Fr.,=rebirth], term used to describe the development of Western civilization that marked the transition from medieval to modern times. This article is concerned mainly with general developments and their impact in the fields of science, rhetoric, literature, and music. For a discussion...
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Italian literature
Italian literature writings in the Italian language, as distinct from earlier works in Latin and French.
The Thirteenth Century
The first Italian vernacular literature began to take shape in the 13th cent. with the imitation of Provençal lyric poetry at the court of Frederick II in...
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