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Borghese
Borghese , Roman noble family, originally of Siena. It produced one pope, Paul V , several cardinals, and many prominent citizens. The Borghese were noted patrons of arts and letters. Scipione Cardinal Borghese built the fine Villa Borghese in Rome. Camillo Borghese, a general under Napoleon I, mar...
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Borghese Villa
Borghese Villa bōrgā´zā vēl´lä or Villa Umberto I , summer palace built by Scipione Cardinal Borghese outside the Porta del Popolo, Rome. Begun in 1605, the villa was transformed in the 18th cent. into a more elaborate edifice. In 1806 it yielded much of its...
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Giuseppe Cesari
Giuseppe Cesari called Cavaliere d'Arpino , 1568-1640, Italian late mannerist painter. Cesari's outstanding works are the frescoes in the Capitol and in the Borghese Chapel, Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome. Other works are Adam and Eve Expelled from Paradise (Louvre); a self-portrait (Uff...
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Guastalla
Guastalla , town (1991 pop. 13,354), Emilia-Romagna, N Italy, on the Po River. It is an agricultural and industrial center. Probably founded in the 7th cent., Guastalla was held by various lords and in 1539 was bought by Ferrante Gonzaga of Mantua. It was made a duchy in 1621. After the Guastalla br...
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Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi
Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi , 1606-80, Italian painter and architect, called Il Bolognese. He was a pupil of the Carracci and of Francesco Albani. With the exception of two years in France (1649-51), where he decorated the Mazarin Palace (now the Bibliothèque nationale) and other buildings fo...
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Scopas
Scopas , Greek sculptor, fl. 4th cent. BC, b. Paros. Although numbered among the Athenians, he wandered from place to place and did not attach himself to any school. He was the first to express violent feeling in marble faces. Some mutilated fragments from the temple of Athena Alea at Tegea, of whic...
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Dosso Dossi
Dosso Dossi , 1479?-1542, Italian painter of the Ferrarese school, whose real name was Giovanni di Niccolò de Luteri. He may have been a pupil of Lorenzo Costa, but was certainly influenced by Giorgione, Titian, and Raphael. He often collaborated with his brother Battista, a landscape painter...
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Giovanni Lanfranco
Giovanni Lanfranco , 1582-1647, Italian painter. Lanfranco is considered one of the foremost artists of the High Baroque. He was trained by the Carracci and worked primarily in Rome and Naples, where he executed numerous decorative plans for churches and palaces. Lanfranco greatly extended the sco...
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Paul V
Paul V 1552-1621, pope (1605-21), a Roman named Camillo Borghese; successor of Leo XI. He was created cardinal (1596) by Clement VIII and was renowned for his knowledge of canon law. On his election as pope he set out at once to restore all the prerogatives the papacy had ever enjoyed. He soon quar...
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Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini
Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini , 1598-1680, Italian sculptor and architect, b. Naples. He was the dominant figure of the Italian baroque . After receiving early training from his father, Pietro (1562-1629), an accomplished Florentine sculptor, Bernini worked mainly in Rome. Many of his early statues, suc...
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