|
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy or Dual Monarchy, the Hapsburg empire from 1867 until its fall in 1918.
The Nature of Austria-Hungary
The reorganization of Austria and Hungary was made possible by the Ausgleich [compromise] of 1867, a constitutional compromise between Hungarian aspiration...
Read more
|
|
Austro-Prussian War
Austro-Prussian War or Seven Weeks War, June 15-Aug. 23, 1866, between Prussia, allied with Italy, and Austria, seconded by Bavaria, Württemberg, Saxony, Hanover, Baden, and several smaller German states. It was deliberately provoked by Bismarck , over the objections of his king, in order...
Read more
|
|
Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto , town (1991 pop. 29,231), Venetia, NE Italy, in the Alpine foothills. It is a secondary industrial and commercial center and a spa. There, in Oct.-Nov., 1918, the Italians won a decisive victory over the Austrians, which led to the Austro-Hungarian surrender to Armando Diaz on Nov. ...
Read more
|
|
Leopold Berchtold, Graf von
Leopold Berchtold, Graf von , 1863-1942, Austro-Hungarian foreign minister (1912-15). During the Balkan Wars he successfully worked for the creation of an independent Albania to block Serbian access to the Adriatic Sea. After the assassination (June 28, 1914) of Archduke Francis Ferdinand at Saraj...
Read more
|
|
Ottokar Czernin, Graf
Ottokar Czernin, Graf , 1872-1932, Austro-Hungarian foreign minister. He was an adviser to Archduke Francis Ferdinand. As foreign minister (1916-18) he sought a negotiated peace, but was unwilling to abandon Austrian war aims in Italy and the Balkans. He was one of the negotiators of the Treaty of ...
Read more
|
|
Otto von Hapsburg
Otto von Hapsburg 1912-, Austrian archduke and former pretender to the Austro-Hungarian throne, son of Emperor Charles I and Empress Zita. After World War II began, he went to the United States and made an unsuccessful attempt to form an Austrian legion to fight Germany. Returning to Europe in 1946...
Read more
|
|
Mukacheve
Mukacheve , Czech Mukačevo, Hung. Munkács, Rus. Mukachevo, city (1989 pop. 85,000), SW Ukraine. It is a rail terminus and highway junction and has food, tobacco, beer, wine, furniture, textile, and timber industries. From the 9th to the 11th cent., Mukacheve was part of the Kievan ...
Read more
|
|
Habsburg
Habsburg (Hapsburg) Austrian royal dynasty, a leading ruling house in Europe from the 13th to 19th century. It became a major force when Rudolf I was elected king of the Germans (1273). He established the core of the Habsburg dominions in Austria. The Habsburgs ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1438...
Read more
|
|
Karl Mannheim
Karl Mannheim , 1893-1947, Austro-Hungarian sociologist and historian, born and educated in Hungary. He taught at Heidelberg and Frankfurt and, from 1933 to his death, at the Univ. of London. In his historical writings he emphasized the role of social values. Mannheim was influenced by—but cri...
Read more
|
|
Louis Kossuth
Louis Kossuth , Hung. Kossuth Lajos, 1802-94, Hungarian revolutionary hero. Born of a Protestant family and a lawyer by training, he entered politics as a member of the diet and soon won a large following. His liberal and nationalist program did not avoid the possibility of dissolving the union of...
Read more
|