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Topics related to "4th millennium BC"

Scythia
Scythia , ancient region of Eurasia, extending from the Danube on the west to the borders of China on the east. The Scythians flourished from the 8th to the 4th cent. BC They spoke an Indo-Iranian language but had no system of writing. They were nomadic conquerors and skilled horsemen. They seem t... Read more
Uruk
Uruk or Erech , ancient Sumerian city of Mesopotamia , on the Euphrates and NW of Ur (in present-day S Iraq). It is the modern Tall al Warka. Uruk, dating from the 5th millennium BC, was the largest city in S Mesopotamia and an important religious center. The sanctuaries of the goddess Inanna (... Read more
Susa
Susa , ancient city, capital of Elam . The site is 15 mi (23 km) SW of modern Dizful, Iran. It is the biblical Shushan, and its inhabitants were called Susanchites. From the 4th millennium BC, Elam was under the cultural influence of Mesopotamia. Excavations at Susa uncovered the stele of Naram-sin... Read more
cuneiform
cuneiform [Lat.,=wedge-shaped], system of writing developed before the last centuries of the 4th millennium BC in the lower Tigris and Euphrates valley, probably by the Sumerians. The characters consist of arrangements of wedgelike strokes generally impressed with a stylus on wet clay tablets, wh... Read more
Anatolian languages
Anatolian languages , subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see The Indo-European Family of Languages , table); the term "Anatolian languages" is also used to refer to all languages, Indo-European and non-Indo-European, that were spoken in Anatolia in ancient times. The progress m... Read more
Elam
Elam , ancient country of Asia, N of the Persian Gulf and E of the Tigris, now in W Iran. A civilization seems to have been established there very early, probably in the late 4th millennium BC The capital was Susa , and the country is sometimes called Susiana. The land included a hot, rich plain an... Read more
Cephisodotus
Cephisodotus , Gr. Kephisodotos, fl. 4th cent. BC, two Greek sculptors. The elder, the master and probably the father or the brother of Praxiteles, is noted for the statue Irene and Plutus [Peace and Wealth]. The original was erected on the Areopagus at Athens c.372 BC to celebrate the victory o... Read more
Ugarit
Ugarit , ancient city, capital of the Ugarit kingdom, W Syria, on the Mediterranean coast N of modern Latakia. Although the name of this city was known from Egyptian and Hittite sources, its location and history were a mystery until the accidental discovery (1928) of an ancient tomb at the small Ara... Read more
Samnites
Samnites , people of ancient Italy. Their country was Samnium . The Samnites were Oscan-speaking and therefore should be included among the Sabelli. The Tabula Agnonensis, a bronze tablet that carries an inscription engraved in the full Oscan alphabet, is an important record of the language. The ... Read more
Achaean League
Achaean League , confederation of cities on the Gulf of Corinth. The First Achaean League, about which little is known, was formed presumably before the 5th cent. BC and lasted through the 4th cent. BC Its purpose was mutual protection against pirates. The Achaeans remained aloof from the wars in Gr... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "4th millennium BC"

cuneiform
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...before the last centuries of the 4th millennium BC in the lower Tigris and Euphrates...Persian conquest of Babylonia (539 BC), and after a brief renaissance...Achaemenids (mid-6th cent. BC-4th cent. BC), whose greatest monument...
Palestine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...Neanderthal inhabitants of Europe. By the 4th millennium BC Palestine was inhabited by herders...and into Palestine. Around 1200 BC, the Philistines ( "Sea Peoples...to the Philistines until c.1000 BC, when an independent Hebrew kingdom...
inscription
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...inscriptions on faience and ivory (c.3000 BC) at the archaeological sites of...the Behistun Inscriptions (c.500 BC) of Darius I. In Egypt the hieroglyphic...development. From the I dynasty (4th millennium BC), inscriptions of the Nile present...
Mound Builders
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...Middle Woodland period (c.100 BC-AD 400), while temple mounds...La.; they were built in the late 4th millennium BC The purpose of these 11 mounds is...mounds date to the 3d millennium BC The Archaic mound-building tradition...
Elam
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...very early, probably in the late 4th millennium BC The capital was Susa , and the country...Babylon, and Isin. In the 18th cent. BC, Hammurabi was able to keep the...came in the 13th and 12th cent. BC The Elamite civilization grew strong...
Beth-shan
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...References to it in the Bible are numerous. Excavations (1921-33) revealed settlements of the 4th millennium BC From the 15th cent. BC to the 12th cent. BC it was a fortified Egyptian outpost, and later it was a Philistine town until it fell to...
Lagash
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...SE Iraq. Lagash was flourishing by c.2400 BC, but traces of habitation go back at least to the 4th millennium BC After the fall of Akkad (2180 BC), when the rest of Mesopotamia was in a state...
Akkad
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...states had begun to appear in the 4th millennium BC In Akkad a Semitic language, Akkadian...flourished after Sargon began (c.2340 BC) to spread wide his conquests...Sumer. Toward the end of the 3d millennium Elam took over most of the power...
Uruk
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...modern Tall al Warka. Uruk, dating from the 5th millennium BC, was the largest city in S Mesopotamia and an important...Eanna) and Anu, the sky god, date from the early 4th millennium BC The temple of Anu, known as the white temple, stood...
megalithic monument
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...Age and are believed to range in date from c.4000 BC to 1100 BC Most chamber tombs were probably built during the 4th millennium BC, and the stone circles generally date somewhat later...

Dictionary entries related to "4th millennium BC"

Neolithic
Book article from: A Dictionary of World History ...the Near East by the 8th millennium BC and had spread to northern Europe by the 4th millennium BC. Western Neolithic refers...open villages. By the 4th millennium the culture...the 4th and early 3rd millennia BC. This developed into...
Egypt
Book article from: A Dictionary of World History ...were in existence during the 4th millennium BC. These were unified by the conquest...Egypt some time shortly before 3000 BC, initiating the Protodynastic period...Old Kingdom (2700–2200 BC) perhaps indicates the importance...
Africa
Book article from: A Dictionary of World History ...colonists) roamed the south. By the 4th millennium BC, one of the world's oldest civilizations...Egypt, to Rome in the last centuries BC. Indigenous kingdoms arose in NUBIA...culture of ISLAM . In Cameroon c. 500 BC a population explosion sent the Bantu...
Ur
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...in southern Iraq. It was one of the oldest cities of Mesopotamia, dating from the 4th millennium bc , and reached its zenith in the late 3rd millennium bc . Ur of the Chaldees in the Bible, named as the original home of Abraham (the connection...
Samarkand
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable Samarkand a city in eastern Uzbekistan, one of the oldest cities of Asia, founded in the 3rd or 4th millennium bc . It grew to prominence as a prosperous centre of the silk trade, situated on the Silk Road, and in the 14th century became the...
Sumer
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...Sumer an ancient region of SW Asia in present-day Iraq, comprising the southern part of Mesopotamia. From the 4th millennium bc it was the site of city states which became part of ancient Babylonia. The Sumerians , an indigenous non-Semitic...
Sumerians
Book article from: A Dictionary of World History Sumerians A people living in southern Mesopotamia in the 4th and 3rd millennia BC. By 3000 BC a number of city states had developed in Sumer, such as URUK , Eridu, and UR . The Sumerians are credited...
cylinder seal
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...a hole down the centre and bearing an incised design or cuneiform inscription, originally for rolling on clay when soft to indicate ownership or authenticate a document, used chiefly in Mesopotamia from the late 4th to the 1st millennium bc .
Bronze Age
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...tools were made of bronze rather than stone. The Bronze Age began in the Near East and SE Europe in the late 4th and early 3rd millennium bc . It is associated with the first European civilizations, the beginnings of urban life in China, and the...
Latium
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ...River Tiber. Settled during the early part of the 1st millennium bc by a branch of the Indo-European people known as...it had become dominated by Rome by the end of the 4th century bc ; it is now part of the modern region of Lazio.

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

On the margins of Southwest Asia; Cyprus during the 6th to 4th millennia BC.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Reference & Research Book News; 5/1/2008; 509 words ; ...margins of Southwest Asia; Cyprus during the 6th to 4th millennia BC. Clarke, Joanne. Oxbow Books 2007 158 pages $90...examine cultural change in Cyprus from the 6th to 4th millennia BCE, proposing that the observable differences between...
Mesopotamian medicine.(History Of Medicine)
Magazine article from: South African Medical Journal; 1/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...from the middle of the 3rd millennium. In line with the strong...Code in the 18th century BC and persisting to the late 1st millennium BC. Works like the so-called...as it evolved in the 5th/4th centuries BC almost certainly had no significant...
New life sciences research from University of Lausanne outlined.(Report)
Newspaper article from: Life Science Weekly; 7/29/2008; 700+ words ; ...farms in prehistoric Central Europe (4th millennium BC),' is the subject of a report...Early Late Neolithic (3922-3902 BC) site Hornstaad-Hornle IA/Germany...farms in prehistoric Central Europe (4th millennium BC). Isotopes In Environmental...
World's oldest submerged town dates back 5,000 years.
Newspaper article from: NewsRx Science; 11/22/2009; 700+ words ; ...occupied throughout the Bronze Age - from at least 2800 BC to 1100 BC. The work is being carried out by a multidisciplinary...sub-phases from the Final Neolithic period (mid 4th millennium BC) to the end of the Late Bronze Age (1100 BC). In...
The Study of the Ancient Near East in the 21st Century: The William Foxwell Albright Centennial Conference
Magazine article from: Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society; 6/1/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...famous knife of predynastic Amratian/Nagada I Egypt (4th millennium BC) with various artifacts of the Late Uruk phase in Mesopotamia...phase of the MB be extended to through the 16th century BC, or even into the 15th century with the campaigns of...
In October there was strength in all aspects of the market, from Chinese wares to French decorative arts--but even by these standards the Damien Hirst sale was unrivalled.(Market Review)
Magazine article from: Apollo; 12/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...for a record 621,250 [pounds sterling]. 'Omar', a rare Mesopotamian inlaid limestone leopard of the late 4th millennium Bc (Fig. 4), expected to sell for 40,000 [pounds sterling]-60,000 [pounds sterling], was dispatched in...
Mediterranean, Aegean, Classical and Hellenistic archaeology.(Bibliography)
Magazine article from: Antiquity; 3/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...contributions by CAROLE McCARTNEY & ALEXANDER WASSE. On the margins of Southwest Asia: Cyprus during the 6th to 4th millennia BC. xvi+158 pages, 32 illustrations. 2007. Oxford: Oxbow; 978-1-84217-281-0 hardback 45 [pounds sterling...
Chandigarh was part of Harappan civilisation 5,000 years ago.
News Wire article from: Asian News International; 12/3/2008; 700+ words ; ...Indus Valley civilization or Harappan culture originated in the fertile plains of the Indus River in the 3rd and 4th millennium BC. Archaeological excavations have revealed that the people of this culture enjoyed a life of luxury and refinement...
Egypt builds new home for relics of Tutankhamun
Newspaper article from: The Sunday Telegraph London; 12/16/2001; ; 576 words ; ...expected to pay one third of the final bill. The museum will eventually house more than 120,000 antiquities from the 4th millennium BC to the fall of the Roman empire. The entirety of Tutankhamun's tomb, which comprises 3,500 items, will be...
Drink: Bombay Bacchus Popping a bottle of fizz today? Rose Murray Brown meets the Indian vintner who hopes it might be one of his
Newspaper article from: The Independent - London; 2/14/1999; ; 700+ words ; ...Surat, Golconda and Maharashtra ever since the vine's intro- duction to north-west India from Persia in the 4th millennium BC. In 1982, there were 50,000 hectares of vineyards in India, 70 per cent of which were in Chougule's home state...