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Archibald Campbell Argyll, 3d duke of
Archibald Campbell Argyll, 3d duke of 1682-1761, Scottish nobleman; brother of the 2d duke. As lord high treasurer of Scotland (1705) and a commissioner for the union (1706), he helped negotiate the union (1707) of the kingdoms of Scotland and England. He had been created earl of Islay in 1705, and...
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Joseph I
Joseph I 1678-1711, Holy Roman emperor (1705-11), king of Hungary (1687-1711) and of Bohemia (1705-11), son and successor of Leopold I. Joseph became Holy Roman emperor in the midst of the War of the Spanish Succession and died before it ended. He vigorously supported the claim of his brother (wh...
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Robert Beverley
Robert Beverley , 1673-1722, Virginia colonial historian, author of The History and Present State of Virginia (1705). A substantial planter and colonial official, he wrote his book after finding numerous errors in the manuscript of a book on Virginia written by an Englishman. Vigorous, honest, and...
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Celle
Celle , city (1994 pop. 73,670), Lower Saxony, N Germany, on the Aller River. Its manufactures include food products, electronic components, chemicals, and textiles. Wax processing and horse breeding are important locally. Celle was chartered in 1294. Its castle was the residence of the dukes of L&u...
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David Hartley
David Hartley 1705-57, English physician and philosopher, founder of associational psychology. In his Observations on Man (2 vol., 1749) he stated that all mental phenomena are due to sensations arising from vibrations of the white medullary substance of the brain and spinal cord. He conceived th...
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Ninon de Lenclos
Ninon de Lenclos , 1620-1705, French beauty and wit. Her real name was Anne de Lenclos. She numbered among her many lovers and friends such eminent men as the Great Condé, La Rochefoucauld, and Saint-Évremond. She gathered in her Paris salon a circle of wits and literary figures.
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Leopold I
Leopold I 1640-1705, Holy Roman emperor (1658-1705), king of Bohemia (1656-1705) and of Hungary (1655-1705), second son and successor of Ferdinand III. Upon his elder brother's death (1654), Leopold, who had been educated for the church, became Ferdinand's heir. During his reign the Holy Roman Empi...
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John Philips
John Philips 1676-1709, English poet. He was one of the few to write in blank verse in an age when the heroic couplet was the standard form. His Splendid Shilling (1701, 1705) is a parody of Milton. Cyder (1708), a utilitarian poem describing the cultivation of apples and the pressing of cider,...
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Abraham Tucker
Abraham Tucker 1705-74, English philosopher, b. London. He studied law at Merton College, Oxford, and later devoted himself to independent study. He advanced the ethical view that each man seeks his own interests and that the will of God blends these into a public good. This position is similar to ...
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John Campbell Argyll, 2d duke of
John Campbell Argyll, 2d duke of 1678-1743, Scottish general; son of the 1st duke, whom he succeeded in 1703. For his ardent support of the union of England and Scotland he was created (1705) earl of Greenwich. He served under the duke of Marlborough in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14) a...
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