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Jacobus da Varagine
Jacobus da Varagine , c.1230-1298, Italian hagiographer, b. Varazze (then Voraggio), near Savona; also known as Jacobus de Voragine. He became a Dominican in 1244, was provincial of Lombardy, and after 1292 was archbishop of Genoa. Noted for his piety and great charity, he was beatified in 1816 and ...
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Adolf of Nassau
Adolf of Nassau , d. 1298, duke of Luxembourg, German king (1292-98). He owed his election to the ecclesiastical electors , who, fearing the growing power and ambition of the Hapsburgs , chose him rather than Albert of Austria (later King Albert I ), son of Rudolf I of Hapsburg. Seeking to streng...
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Coimbra
Coimbra , city (1991 pop. 96,142), capital of Coimbra dist., W central Portugal, on the Mondego River, in Beira Litoral. The old capital of Beira, it is a market center with small industries but is known chiefly for its history and for the famous university, which was founded (1292) by King Diniz in...
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John VI
John VI (John Cantacuzene) , c.1292-1383, Byzantine emperor (1347-54). He was chief minister under Andronicus III, after whose death he proclaimed himself emperor and made war on the rightful heir, John V. He was aided by the Ottoman Turks. The war allowed Stephen Dušan to build his Serbi...
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Ramón Lull
Ramón Lull , or Raymond Lully, c.1232-1316?, Catalan philosopher, b. Palma, Majorca. Of a wealthy family, he lived in ease until c.1263, when he had a religious experience and was fired with ambition to convert Muslims to Christianity. He studied Arabic language and literature and founded...
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Teschen
Teschen , Czech Tĕšín, Pol. Cieszyn, former principality (c.850 sq mi/2,200 sq km), now divided between the Czech Republic and Poland. Teschen was its chief town. A part of Silesia, the principality was under Bohemia from 1292 to 1625, when it came under Hapsburg rule. It rema...
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troubadours
troubadours , aristocratic poet-musicians of S France (Provence) who flourished from the end of the 11th cent. through the 13th cent. Many troubadours were noblemen and crusader knights; some were kings, e.g., Richard I, Cœur de Lion; Thibaut IV, king of Navarre; and Alfonso X, king of Castile...
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Holy Roman Emperors
Holy Roman Emperors
HOLY ROMAN EMPERORS ( including dates of reign )
Saxon dynasty
Otto I, 936-73
Otto II, 973-83
Otto III, 983-1002
Henry II, 1002-24
Salian or Franconian dynasty
Conrad ...
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Marco Polo
Marco Polo , 1254?-1324?, Venetian traveler in China. His father, Niccolò Polo, and his uncle, Maffeo Polo, had made (1253-60) a trading expedition to Constantinople. A war blocked their return, and they journeyed eastward to reach Kublai Khan 's eastern capital at Kaifeng in 1266. They retu...
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Ramses
Ramses , Rameses, or Ramesses , name of several kings of ancient Egypt of the XIX and XX dynasties. The kings of the XX dynasty, all named Ramses but the first, are often, on that account, called Ramessides or Ramessids. Ramses I, d. c.1314 BC, succeeded Horemheb , the true founder of the ...
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