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Eadmer
Eadmer or Edmer , d. 1124?, English monk and historian. He was in the monastery of Christ Church, Canterbury, when Anselm became archbishop of Canterbury, and his biography of St. Anselm is the basic one. Eadmer's Historiae novorum is a history of England from 1066 to 1122 from the ecclesiasti...
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First Lateran Council
First Lateran Council 1123, 9th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church, summoned by Pope Calixtus II to signal the end of the investiture controversy by confirming the Concordat of Worms (1122). It was held in the Lateran Palace, Rome, making it the first council to be held in Western ...
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Leopold III
Leopold III or Saint Leopold, c.1073-1136, margrave of Austria (1095-1136). By his marriage (1106) with Agnes, widow of Duke Frederick I of Swabia (see Hohenstaufen ), he became the stepfather of German King Conrad III and the father of Otto of Freising and of Duke Henry II of Austria (see Ba...
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Concordat of Worms
Concordat of Worms 1122, agreement reached by Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to put an end to the struggle over investiture . By its terms the emperor guaranteed free election of bishops and abbots and renounced the right to invest them with ring and staff, the symbols of their sp...
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Kenilworth
Kenilworth , town (1991 pop. 16,782), Warwickshire, central England. A market town and bedroom community, it is famous for the ruins of Kenilworth Castle, celebrated in Sir Walter Scott 's novel Kenilworth and founded c.1120 by Geoffrey de Clinton. In the 13th cent. the castle became the property...
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Piacenza
Piacenza , city (1991 pop. 102,268), capital of Piacenza prov., in Emilia-Romagna, on the Po River. It is an agricultural, commercial, and industrial center. Manufactures include agricultural machinery, chemicals, furniture, buttons, and food products. The city was a Roman stronghold (called Colonia...
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Calixtus II
Calixtus II Callixtus II, or Callistus II, d. 1124, pope (1119-24), named Guy of Burgundy, successor of Gelasius II. The son of count William I of Burgundy, he was archbishop of Vienne during the investiture controversy with Holy Roman Emperor Henry V . When Gelasius died while in e...
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oracle bones
oracle bones bones used for divination by the Chinese during the Shang dynasty (traditionally c.1766 BC-c.1122 BC). Along with contemporary inscriptions on bronze vessels, these records of divination, which were incised on the shoulder blades of animals (mainly oxen) and on turtle shells, contain...
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Suger
Suger , 1081-1151, French cleric and statesman, abbot of Saint-Denis from 1122, minister of kings Louis VI and Louis VII. Born into a peasant family and educated at the abbey of Saint-Denis, Suger was noted for his financial ability and his talent for conciliation. In 1147, Louis VII left on crusade...
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
Eleanor of Aquitaine , 1122?-1204, queen consort first of Louis VII of France and then of Henry II of England. Daughter and heiress of William X, duke of Aquitaine, she married Louis in 1137 shortly before his accession to the throne. She accompanied him on the Second Crusade (1147-49). Eleanor ...
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